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12 KiB
Markdown
285 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
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<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
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## Table of Contents
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- [Learning web development](#learning-web-development)
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- [Goal of this training](#goal-of-this-training)
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- [Principles](#principles)
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- [Meta: learning about learning](#meta-learning-about-learning)
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- [Roadmap](#roadmap)
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- [Approach](#approach)
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- [Pick a powerful text editor and learn its ins and outs](#pick-a-powerful-text-editor-and-learn-its-ins-and-outs)
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- [Learn the ins and outs of one programming language](#learn-the-ins-and-outs-of-one-programming-language)
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- [Topic-specific materials](#topic-specific-materials)
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- [Best practices, attitude](#best-practices-attitude)
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- [Code architecture and design patterns](#code-architecture-and-design-patterns)
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- [DB and SQL](#db-and-sql)
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- [Dev environment, command line and Linux](#dev-environment-command-line-and-linux)
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- [Distributed systems and system architecture](#distributed-systems-and-system-architecture)
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- [Network, protocols, HTTP](#network-protocols-http)
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- [Project management](#project-management)
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- [Security](#security)
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- [Version control (git)](#version-control-git)
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- [Other lists](#other-lists)
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<!--TOC-->
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# Learning web development
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## Goal of this training
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This training provides an opinionated ramp-up program for web developers.
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Prerequisites: not much, just general knowledge about computers and the Internet.
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## Principles
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- Focus on the main stuff. A lot of things are learnt on the job anyway.
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- Programming is not only about raw technical knowledge,
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it's also about best practices.
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- Go wide and go deep.
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- We learn by doing, so this training includes lots of exercises.
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- A lot of videos are included, since they provide hands-on experiences. You
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can find a LOT more videos here: [hellerve/programming-talks](https://github.com/hellerve/programming-talks) and [talks that changed the way I think about programming](http://www.opowell.com/post/talks-that-changed-the-way-i-think-about-programming/)
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Note: this is just a short selection of stuff listed in
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[charlax/professional-programming](https://github.com/charlax/professional-programming).
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### Meta: learning about learning
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Feel free to checkout some of the articles about [Learning and memorizing](https://github.com/charlax/professional-programming#learning--memorizing)
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- Create a learning plan with your learning priorities
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- Consider using flashcards (see Anki for instance)
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- Enjoy the learning experience!
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## Roadmap
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1. Start with a programming language.
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2. Do a first pass at the web development environment (see introductory resources below)
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- HTTP and web architecture basics
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- Git
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- Docker and `docker-compose`
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- Command line
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- Text editor
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3. Write a full-fledged exercise, get it reviewed.
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4. Do the advanced topics
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## Approach
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### Pick a powerful text editor and learn its ins and outs
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VSCode is a strong pick nowadays (I use and obviously prefer Vim :).
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Make sure to spend a lot of time in your text editor, watch tutorials about
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advanced features, install extensions, learn all the main keyboard shortcuts,
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subscribe to mailing lists about it, etc.
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You will spend most of your time within your text editor. Turn it into
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a powerful ally!
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### Learn the ins and outs of one programming language
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A developer's main tool being the programming language, it is important to
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achieve high proficiency in at least one of them.
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I'd recommend starting with Python or TypeScript. For Python, you can have a look at my repo [charlax/python-education](https://github.com/charlax/python-education).
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To ensure you have good command of the language, you should try out some of
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those exercises:
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- [Exercism](https://exercism.io/) (get free code reviews!)
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- [Small Python exercises from charlax/python-education](https://github.com/charlax/python-education/tree/master/learning-python/exercises)
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- [danistefanovic/build-your-own-x](https://github.com/danistefanovic/build-your-own-x) (for instance: build a [git in Python](https://wyag.thb.lt/))
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- [Other list of exercises](https://github.com/charlax/python-education#exercises)
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Watch some videos related to your language:
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- 🎞 [Top 10 Must-Watch PyCon Talks](https://realpython.com/must-watch-pycon-talks/)
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Learn how to handle:
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- Regexes
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- Do exercises, for instance [RegexOne](https://regexone.com/) or [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/domains/regex).
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- Functional programming
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- [Functional Programming Fundamentals](https://www.matthewgerstman.com/tech/functional-programming-fundamentals/)
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- Design patterns
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- E.g. in [Python](https://www.toptal.com/python/python-design-patterns)
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- [faif/python-patterns](https://github.com/faif/python-patterns)
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- 🎞 [Design Patterns in Plain English](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NU_1StN5Tkk&ab_channel=ProgrammingwithMosh)
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- Tests
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- [Why bother writing tests at all?](https://dave.cheney.net/2019/05/14/why-bother-writing-tests-at-all)
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- Crazy things in languages
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- 🎞 [Wat](https://www.destroyallsoftware.com/talks/wat)
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If you have time, learn more programming languages, starting with some that are
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*very* different from your main one:
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- Haskell
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- Clojure
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- Kotlin
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- Rust
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- Assembly
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## Topic-specific materials
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#### Best practices, attitude
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Read one of those:
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- 📖 [The Pragmatic Programmer: From Journeyman to
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Master](https://pragprog.com/titles/tpp20/): hands-on the most inspiring and useful book I've read about programming.
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- 📖 [Code Complete: A Practical Handbook of Software
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Construction](http://www.amazon.com/Code-Complete-Practical-Handbook-Construction/dp/0735619670): a nice addition to The Pragmatic Programmer, gives you the necessary framework to talk about code.
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- [Ten Principles for Growth as an Engineer](https://medium.com/@daniel.heller/ten-principles-for-growth-69015e08c35b), Dan Heller
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Read the resources listed under [Must-read articles](https://github.com/charlax/professional-programming#must-read-articles).
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#### Code architecture and design patterns
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Introduction:
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- Learn about OOP basics: inheritance, abstract/concrete, public/private
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- Learn about DDD (domain driven design), SOLID, MVC, Clean Architecture
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- [An introduction to software design patterns](https://www.coengoedegebure.com/introduction-to-software-design-patterns/). All those patterns are not useful in all languages, but they're applied in most software, so it's important to know about them.
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- Builder
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- Factory
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- Singleton
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- Adapter
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- Facade
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- Chain of Responsibility
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- Command
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- Observer
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- State
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- Strategy
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- Visitor
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- 🎞 [Design Patterns in Plain English](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NU_1StN5Tkk&ab_channel=ProgrammingwithMosh)
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Advanced:
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- Wander in the [Software Architecture Guide](https://martinfowler.com/architecture/)
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- 🎞 [On the Spectrum of Abstraction](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVVNJKv9esE&ab_channel=ReactEurope)
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- 🎞 [Simple Made Easy](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/Simple-Made-Easy/)
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- 🎞 [Zebras All the Way Down](https://youtu.be/fE2KDzZaxvE), Bryan Cantrill
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#### DB and SQL
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Introduction:
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- Learn basic and advanced SQL: joins, indexes, subqueries.
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- Install Postgres and play with it.
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- [Do those postgres exercises](https://pgexercises.com/)
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Advanced:
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- Learn about ORM
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- 🎞 [Watch this Python introduction to ORMs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P141KRbxVKc&ab_channel=PyCon2014) (with SQLAlchemy)
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#### Dev environment, command line and Linux
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Introduction:
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- [jlevy/the-art-of-command-line](https://github.com/jlevy/the-art-of-command-line): master the command line, in one page
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- Check the missing semester:
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- https://missing.csail.mit.edu/2020/course-shell/
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- https://missing.csail.mit.edu/2020/shell-tools/
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- [Linux Productivity Tools](https://www.usenix.org/sites/default/files/conference/protected-files/lisa19_maheshwari.pdf)
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- Do shell exercises, for instance on [Exercism](https://exercism.io/tracks/bash), [TLDP](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/exercises.html), [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/domains/shell).
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- Learn about Docker, follow the [Official Docker Tutorial](https://docs.docker.com/get-started/)
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- Learn about Makefile, follow the [Official introduction to
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Makefiles](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Introduction.html).
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Advanced:
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- Install/use some of those tools: https://github.com/jondot/awesome-devenv
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- Write your own dotfiles, taking inspiration from [Awesome Dotfiles](https://github.com/webpro/awesome-dotfiles) (you can
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checkout mines: https://github.com/charlax/dotfiles)
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- 🎞 [8 super heroic Linux commands that you probably aren't using](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zuwa8zlfXSY&ab_channel=EngineerMan)
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- 🎞 [Containers From Scratch](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fi7uSYlOdc&ab_channel=GOTOConferences)
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#### Distributed systems and system architecture
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Introduction:
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- [donnemartin/system-design-primer](https://github.com/donnemartin/system-design-primer): learn how to design large-scale systems.
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Advanced:
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- Consider reading 📖 [Designing Data-Intensive Applications](https://dataintensive.net/).
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- [The Log: What every software engineer should know about real-time data's unifying abstraction](https://engineering.linkedin.com/distributed-systems/log-what-every-software-engineer-should-know-about-real-time-datas-unifying)
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- 🎞 [Mastering Chaos - A Netflix Guide to Microservices](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZ3wIuvmHeM&ab_channel=InfoQ) (by Netflix)
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Concepts to look into:
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- CAP theorem
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- Weak/strong/eventual consistency
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- Fail-over/replication
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- Load balancer: active-active, active-passive
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- Horizontal vs vertical scaling
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- Reverse proxy, load balancer
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- DB: RDBMS vs. NoSQL, replication, sharding, master-master, denormalization
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- Cache: client caching in browsers, CDN, HTTP headers, object cache, db cache
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- Asynchronism: message queues, back pressure
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- Monitoring and alerting best practices
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#### Network, protocols, HTTP
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Introduction:
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- [How Does the Internet Work?](https://web.stanford.edu/class/msande91si/www-spr04/readings/week1/InternetWhitepaper.htm)
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- [vasanthk/how-web-works](https://github.com/vasanthk/how-web-works): what happens behind the scenes when we type www.google.com in a browser?
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Advanced:
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- Learn about the basics of TCP and UDP
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- Learn the basics of the HTTP protocol: header, verb, status code, TLS, Rest APIs, etc.
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- 🎞 [Qu'est ce que le HTTP ?](https://grafikart.fr/tutoriels/http-1062), Grafikart
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- Learn about important web-related protocols: DNS, SMTP, SSH
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#### Project management
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Introduction:
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- [Efficient Software Project Management at its Roots](https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/efficient-software-project-management-at-its-roots/)
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- [How to Lead a Project - as a Software Engineer](https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/how-to-lead-a-project-in-software-development/)
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Advanced:
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- [TechnicalDebt](https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html)
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- Checkout this section on [charlax/engineering-management](https://github.com/charlax/engineering-management#project-management)
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#### Security
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Introduction:
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- Learn about the OWASP Top 10
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Advanced:
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- Consider reading 📖 [Penetration Testing](https://nostarch.com/pentesting).
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#### Version control (git)
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Introduction:
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- [Resources to learn Git](https://try.github.io/)
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- 🎞 [Learn Git In 15 Minutes - YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USjZcfj8yxE&ab_channel=ColtSteele)
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- 🎞 [Introduction to Git](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZDR433b0HJY&ab_channel=InfoQ) with Scott Chacon of GitHub
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Advanced topics:
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- `git rebase`
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- `git stash`
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- `git revert`
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- The dangers of `git push --force`
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## Other lists
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- [The Missing Semester of Your CS Education](https://missing.csail.mit.edu/) (MIT).
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- [What every computer science major should know](http://matt.might.net/articles/what-cs-majors-should-know/)
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- [Teach Yourself Computer Science](https://teachyourselfcs.com/)
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- https://github.com/charlax/professional-programming
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- [microsoft/Web-Dev-For-Beginners](https://github.com/microsoft/Web-Dev-For-Beginners): 24 Lessons, 12 Weeks, Get Started as a Web Developer
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