unified caps of headings

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2021-04-12 09:19:00 +08:00
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@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ Diff. Physics versus Phys.-informed Training
In the previous sections we've seen example reconstructions that used physical residuals as soft constraints, in the form of the PINNs, and reconstructions that used a differentiable physics (DP) solver. While both methods can find minimizers for the same minimization problem, the solutions the obtained differ substantially, as do the behavior of the non-linear optimization problem that we get from each formulation. In the following we discuss these differences in more detail, and we will combine conclusions drawn from the behavior of the Burgers case of the previous sections with observations from research papers.
## Compatibility with Existing Numerical Methods
![Divider](resources/divider3.jpg)
## Compatibility with existing numerical methods
It is very obvious that the PINN implementation is quite simple, which is a positive aspect, but at the same time it differs strongly from "typical" discretizations and solution approaches that are usually to employed equations like Burgers equation. The derivatives are computed via the neural network, and hence rely on a fairly accurate representation of the solution to provide a good direction for optimization problems.
@@ -31,6 +34,10 @@ That being said, because the DP approaches can cover much larger solution manifo
As a consequence, these training runs not only take more computational resources per NN iteration, the also need longer to converge. Regarding resources, each computation of the look-ahead potentially requires a large number of simulation steps, and typically a similar amount of resources for the backprop step. Regarding convergence, the complexer signal that should be learned can take more training iterations or even require larger NN structures.
![Divider](resources/divider2.jpg)
## Summary
The following table summarizes these findings: