update from Atlas with major reorg

2015-04-17 21:29:30 -03:00
parent 57902d31b5
commit a786180239
134 changed files with 369 additions and 520 deletions
--- a/attic/attributes/exists_truthy.py
+++ b/attic/attributes/exists_truthy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import timeit
+
+def exists_and_truthy_hasattr(obj, attr_name):
+    if hasattr(obj, attr_name):
+        return bool(getattr(obj, attr_name))
+    else:
+        return False
+
+def exists_and_truthy_getattr(obj, attr_name):
+    return bool(getattr(obj, attr_name, False))
+
+def exists_and_truthy_tryget(obj, attr_name):
+    try:
+        return bool(getattr(obj, attr_name))
+    except AttributeError:
+        return False
+
+
+class Gizmo:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.gadget = True
+
+gizmo = Gizmo()
+
+test_keys = 'hasattr', 'getattr', 'tryget'
+
+def average(timings):
+    sample = timings[1:-1]
+    return sum(sample) / len(sample)
+
+def do_tests():
+    for test_key in test_keys:
+        func_name = 'exists_and_truthy_' + test_key
+        test = func_name + '(gizmo, "gadget")'
+        setup = 'from __main__ import gizmo, ' + func_name
+        elapsed = average(timeit.repeat(test, repeat=5, setup=setup))
+        print(test_key.rjust(7), format(elapsed, '0.5f'))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    do_tests()
+    del gizmo.gadget
+    do_tests()
+
--- a/attic/attributes/hasattr.py
+++ b/attic/attributes/hasattr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import timeit
+
+test_hasattr = """
+if hasattr(gizmo, 'gadget'):
+    feature = gizmo.gadget
+else:
+    feature = None
+"""
+
+test_getattr = """
+feature = getattr(gizmo, 'gadget', None)
+"""
+
+test_tryget = """
+try:
+    feature = getattr(gizmo, 'gadget')
+except AttributeError:
+    feature = None
+"""
+
+
+class Gizmo:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.gadget = True
+
+gizmo = Gizmo()
+
+test_keys = 'hasattr', 'getattr', 'tryget'
+
+
+def test():
+    for test_key in test_keys:
+        test_name = 'test_' + test_key
+        test = globals()[test_name]
+        setup = 'from __main__ import gizmo'
+        t_present = min(timeit.repeat(test, setup=setup))
+        del gizmo.gadget
+        t_absent = min(timeit.repeat(test, setup=setup))
+        gizmo.gadget = True
+        print('{:7}  {:.3f}  {:.3f}'.format(test_key, t_present, t_absent))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test()
+
--- a/attic/classes/spherical-coordinates.txt
+++ b/attic/classes/spherical-coordinates.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#	Test data for spherical coordinates computed by Vector.angles()
+#
+#						π	π/2	π/3	π/4
+#						3.141592653590	1.570796326795	1.047197551197	0.785398163397
+#
+#							azimuth
+#	x	y					θ
+#	x1	x2				r	Φ1
+	1	1				1.414213562373	0.785398163397
+	1	0				1.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	0	1				1.000000000000	1.570796326795
+	0	0				0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	1	-1				1.414213562373	5.497787143782
+	-1	1				1.414213562373	2.356194490192
+	0	-1				1.000000000000	4.712388980385
+	-1	-1				1.414213562373	3.926990816987
+#
+#	x	y	z				θ	Φ
+#	x1	x2	x3			r	Φ1	Φ2
+	1	1	1			1.732050807569	0.955316618125	0.785398163397
+	2	2	2			3.464101615138	0.955316618125	0.785398163397
+	0	0	0			0.000000000000	0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	1	0	0			1.000000000000	0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	0	1	0			1.000000000000	1.570796326795	0.000000000000
+	0	0	1			1.000000000000	1.570796326795	1.570796326795
+	1	1	0			1.414213562373	0.785398163397	0.000000000000
+	1	0	1			1.414213562373	0.785398163397	1.570796326795
+	0	1	1			1.414213562373	1.570796326795	0.785398163397
+	1	1	-1			1.732050807569	0.955316618125	5.497787143782
+#
+#	x	y	z	t			θ	Φ
+#	x1	x2	x3	x4		r	Φ1	Φ2	Φ3
+	1	1	1	0		1.732050807569	0.955316618125	0.785398163397	0.000000000000
+	2	2	2	0		3.464101615138	0.955316618125	0.785398163397	0.000000000000
+	1	1	1	1		2.000000000000	1.047197551197	0.955316618125	0.785398163397
+	2	2	2	2		4.000000000000	1.047197551197	0.955316618125	0.785398163397
+	1	0	0	0		1.000000000000	0.000000000000	0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	0	1	0	0		1.000000000000	1.570796326795	0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	0	0	1	0		1.000000000000	1.570796326795	1.570796326795	0.000000000000
+	0	0	0	1		1.000000000000	1.570796326795	1.570796326795	1.570796326795
+	1	1	0	0		1.414213562373	0.785398163397	0.000000000000	0.000000000000
+	0	1	1	0		1.414213562373	1.570796326795	0.785398163397	0.000000000000
+	0	0	1	1		1.414213562373	1.570796326795	1.570796326795	0.785398163397
+	1	0	0	1		1.414213562373	0.785398163397	1.570796326795	1.570796326795
+	1	0	1	0		1.414213562373	0.785398163397	1.570796326795	0.000000000000
+	0	1	0	1		1.414213562373	1.570796326795	0.785398163397	1.570796326795
+	1	1	1	-1		2.000000000000	1.047197551197	0.955316618125	5.497787143782
+	-1	-1	-1	-1		2.000000000000	2.094395102393	2.186276035465	3.926990816987
--- a/attic/classes/sum-nth-element.rst
+++ b/attic/classes/sum-nth-element.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+======================================
+Pythonic way to sum n-th list element?
+======================================
+
+Examples inspired by Guy Middleton's question on Python-list, Fri Apr 18 22:21:08 CEST 2003. Message: https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-April/218568.html
+
+Guy Middleton::
+
+    >>> my_list = [[1, 2, 3], [40, 50, 60], [9, 8, 7]]
+    >>> import functools as ft
+    >>> ft.reduce(lambda a, b: a+b, [sub[1] for sub in my_list])
+    60
+
+LR::
+
+    >>> ft.reduce(lambda a, b: a + b[1], my_list, 0)
+    60
+
+Fernando Perez::
+
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> my_array = np.array(my_list)
+    >>> np.sum(my_array[:, 1])
+    60
+
+Skip Montanaro::
+
+    >>> import operator
+    >>> ft.reduce(operator.add, [sub[1] for sub in my_list], 0)
+    60
+    >>> ft.reduce(operator.add, [sub[1] for sub in []])
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    TypeError: reduce() of empty sequence with no initial value
+    >>> ft.reduce(operator.add, [sub[1] for sub in []], 0)
+    0
+
+
+Evan Simpson::
+
+    >>> total = 0
+    >>> for sub in my_list:
+    ...     total += sub[1]
+    >>> total
+    60
+
+Alex Martelli (``sum`` was added in Python 2.3, released July 9, 2003)::
+
+    >>> sum([sub[1] for sub in my_list])
+    60
+
+After generator expressions (added in Python 2.4, November 30, 2004)::
+
+    >>> sum(sub[1] for sub in my_list)
+    60
+
+If you want the sum of a list of items, you should write it in a way 
+that looks like "the sum of a list of items", not in a way that looks 
+like "loop over these items, maintain another variable t, perform a 
+sequence of additions".  Why do we have high level languages if not to 
+express our intentions at a higher level and let the language worry 
+about what low-level operations are needed to implement it?
+
+David Eppstein
+
+Alex Martelli
+
+https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-April/186311.html
+
+"The sum" is so frequently needed that I wouldn't mind at all if
+Python singled it out as a built-in.  But "reduce(operator.add, ..."
+just isn't a great way to express it, in my opinion (and yet as an
+old APL'er, and FP-liker, I _should_ like it -- but I don't).
+
+https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-April/225323.html
+
+Four years later, having coded a lot of Python, taught it widely,
+written a lot about it, and so on, I've changed my mind: I now
+think that reduce is more trouble than it's worth and Python
+would be better off without it, if it was being designed from
+scratch today -- it would not substantially reduce (:-) Python's 
+power and WOULD substantially ease the teaching/&c task.  That's
+not a strong-enough argument to REMOVE a builtin, of course, and
+thus that's definitely NOT what I'm arguing for.  But I do suggest
+avoiding reduce in most cases -- that's all.
--- a/attic/classes/test_vector_spherical.py
+++ b/attic/classes/test_vector_spherical.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""
+Test spherical coordinates in ``Vector`` class
+"""
+
+import sys
+from vector_v5 import Vector
+
+FIXTURE = 'spherical-coordinates.txt'
+EPSILON = 10**-8
+
+def parse_float_cells(cells):
+    floats = []
+    for cell in cells:
+        try:
+            floats.append(float(cell))
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+    return floats
+
+def load_fixture(verbose=False):
+    with open(FIXTURE, encoding='utf8') as text:
+        for line in text:
+            if line.startswith('#'):  # comment line
+                continue
+            cells = line.split('\t')
+            cartesian = parse_float_cells(cells[:5])
+            spherical = parse_float_cells(cells[5:])
+            v = Vector(cartesian)
+            if verbose:
+                print(repr(v), '\t->', spherical)
+            diff = abs(abs(v) - spherical[0])
+            assert diff < EPSILON, 'expected {}, got {}'.format(spherical[0], abs(v))
+            assert all(abs(av - af) < EPSILON for av, af in zip(v.angles(), spherical[1:])), (
+                'expected {}, got {}'.format(spherical[1:], list(v.angles())))
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    load_fixture('-v' in sys.argv)
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/charfinder.html
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/charfinder.html
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <title>Charserver</title>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+    //(function() {
+      var BASE_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8888/chars';
+      var RESULTS_PER_REQUEST = 10;
+      var REQUEST_DELAY = 100;  // in milliseconds
+      var httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
+      httpRequest.onreadystatechange = processResponse;
+
+      function requestMaker(start) {
+        var makeRequest = function (event) {
+          var query = document.getElementById('queryField').value;
+          var stop = start + RESULTS_PER_REQUEST;
+          var params = '?query='+query+'&start='+start+'&stop='+stop;
+          httpRequest.open('GET', BASE_URL+params);
+          httpRequest.send();
+          document.getElementById('message').textContent = 'Query: ' + query;
+          var table = document.getElementById('results');
+          var tr;
+          if (start == 0) while (tr = table.lastChild) table.removeChild(tr);
+          return false; // don't submit form
+        }
+        return makeRequest;
+      }
+
+      function processResponse() {
+        if (httpRequest.readyState === 4) {
+          var query = document.getElementById('queryField').value;
+          if (httpRequest.status === 200) {
+            fillTable(httpRequest.responseText);
+          } else {
+            alert('query: ' + query + '\nstatus: '+httpRequest.status);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      function getSymbols(string) {  
+        // needed for iterating over Unicode characters after U+FFFF
+        var length = string.length;
+        var index = -1;
+        var output = [];
+        var character;
+        var charCode;
+        while (++index < length) {
+          character = string.charAt(index);
+          charCode = character.charCodeAt(0);
+          if (charCode >= 0xD800 && charCode <= 0xDBFF) {
+            output.push(character + string.charAt(++index));
+          } else {
+            output.push(character);
+          }
+        }
+        return output;
+      }
+
+      // from: https://developer.mozilla.org/...
+      // en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/charCodeAt
+      function knownCharCodeAt(str, idx) {
+        str += '';
+        var code,
+            end = str.length;
+
+        var surrogatePairs = /[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]/g;
+        while ((surrogatePairs.exec(str)) != null) {
+          var li = surrogatePairs.lastIndex;
+          if (li - 2 < idx) {
+            idx++;
+          }
+          else {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (idx >= end || idx < 0) {
+          return NaN;
+        }
+        code = str.charCodeAt(idx);
+        var hi, low;
+        if (0xD800 <= code && code <= 0xDBFF) {
+          hi = code;
+          // Go one further, "characters" is part of a surrogate pair
+          low = str.charCodeAt(idx + 1);
+          return ((hi - 0xD800) * 0x400) + (low - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
+        }
+        return code;
+      }
+
+      function codePointStr(uniChar) {
+        if (uniChar.length == 1) {
+          var code = uniChar.charCodeAt(0);
+        } else {  // characters after U+FFFF
+          var code = knownCharCodeAt(uniChar, 0);
+        };
+        var codeStr = code.toString(16);
+        var padding = Array(Math.max(4 - codeStr.length + 1, 0)).join(0);
+        return 'U+' + padding + codeStr.toUpperCase();
+      }
+
+      function fillTable(responseData) {
+        var results = JSON.parse(responseData);
+        console.log(results);
+        var table = document.getElementById('results');
+        var tr;
+        var characters = getSymbols(results.chars);
+        for (var i=0; i < characters.length; i++) {
+          ch = characters[i];
+          if (ch == '\n') continue;
+          if (ch == '\x00') break;
+          var hexCode = codePointStr(ch);
+          tr = document.createElement('tr');
+          tr.appendChild(document.createElement('td'));
+          tr.appendChild(document.createElement('th'));
+          tr.cells[0].appendChild(document.createTextNode(hexCode));
+          tr.cells[1].appendChild(document.createTextNode(ch));
+          tr.id = hexCode;
+          table.appendChild(tr);
+        }
+        // setTimeout(getDescriptions, REQUEST_DELAY/2)
+        if (results.stop < results.total) {
+          setTimeout(requestMaker(results.stop), REQUEST_DELAY);
+        }
+      }
+      window.onload = function() {
+        var requester = requestMaker(0);
+        document.getElementById('queryForm').onsubmit = requester;
+        document.getElementById('queryButton').onclick = requester;
+      }
+    //})();
+    </script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>
+        <form id="queryForm">
+          <input id="queryField" type="search" name="query" value="">
+          <input id="queryButton" type="button" value="find">
+        Examples: {links}
+        </form>
+    </p>
+    <p id="message">{message}</p>
+    <hr>
+  <table id="results">
+  </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/charfinder.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/charfinder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Unicode character finder utility:
+find characters based on words in their official names.
+
+This can be used from the command line, just pass words as arguments.
+
+Here is the ``main`` function which makes it happen::
+
+    >>> main('rook')  # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+    U+2656  ♖  WHITE CHESS ROOK
+    U+265C  ♜  BLACK CHESS ROOK
+    (2 matches for 'rook')
+    >>> main('rook', 'black')  # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+    U+265C  ♜  BLACK CHESS ROOK
+    (1 match for 'rook black')
+    >>> main('white bishop')  # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+    U+2657  ♗   WHITE CHESS BISHOP
+    (1 match for 'white bishop')
+    >>> main("jabberwocky's vest")
+    (No match for "jabberwocky's vest")
+
+
+For exploring words that occur in the character names, there is the
+``word_report`` function::
+
+    >>> index = UnicodeNameIndex(sample_chars)
+    >>> index.word_report()
+        3 SIGN
+        2 A
+        2 EURO
+        2 LATIN
+        2 LETTER
+        1 CAPITAL
+        1 CURRENCY
+        1 DOLLAR
+        1 SMALL
+    >>> index = UnicodeNameIndex()
+    >>> index.word_report(10)
+    75821 CJK
+    75761 IDEOGRAPH
+    74656 UNIFIED
+    13196 SYLLABLE
+    11735 HANGUL
+     7616 LETTER
+     2232 WITH
+     2180 SIGN
+     2122 SMALL
+     1709 CAPITAL
+
+Note: characters with names starting with 'CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH'
+are indexed with those three words only, excluding the hexadecimal
+codepoint at the end of the name.
+
+"""
+
+import sys
+import re
+import unicodedata
+import pickle
+import warnings
+import itertools
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+RE_WORD = re.compile('\w+')
+RE_UNICODE_NAME = re.compile('^[A-Z0-9 -]+$')
+RE_CODEPOINT = re.compile('U\+([0-9A-F]{4,6})')
+
+INDEX_NAME = 'charfinder_index.pickle'
+MINIMUM_SAVE_LEN = 10000
+CJK_UNI_PREFIX = 'CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH'
+CJK_CMP_PREFIX = 'CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH'
+
+sample_chars = [
+    '$',  # DOLLAR SIGN
+    'A',  # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A
+    'a',  # LATIN SMALL LETTER A
+    '\u20a0',  # EURO-CURRENCY SIGN
+    '\u20ac',  # EURO SIGN
+]
+
+
+def tokenize(text):
+    """return iterable of uppercased words"""
+    for match in RE_WORD.finditer(text):
+        yield match.group().upper()
+
+
+def query_type(text):
+    text_upper = text.upper()
+    if 'U+' in text_upper:
+        return 'CODEPOINT'
+    elif RE_UNICODE_NAME.match(text_upper):
+        return 'NAME'
+    else:
+        return 'CHARACTERS'
+
+CharDescription = namedtuple('CharDescription', 'code_str char name')
+
+QueryResult = namedtuple('QueryResult', 'len items')
+
+class UnicodeNameIndex:
+
+    def __init__(self, chars=None):
+        self.load(chars)
+
+    def load(self, chars=None):
+        self.index = None
+        if chars is None:
+            try:
+                with open(INDEX_NAME, 'rb') as fp:
+                    self.index = pickle.load(fp)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+        if self.index is None:
+            self.build_index(chars)
+        if len(self.index) > MINIMUM_SAVE_LEN:
+            try:
+                self.save()
+            except OSError as exc:
+                warnings.warn('Could not save {!r}: {}'
+                              .format(INDEX_NAME, exc))
+
+    def save(self):
+        with open(INDEX_NAME, 'wb') as fp:
+            pickle.dump(self.index, fp)
+
+    def build_index(self, chars=None):
+        if chars is None:
+            chars = (chr(i) for i in range(32, sys.maxunicode))
+        index = {}
+        for char in chars:
+            try:
+                name = unicodedata.name(char)
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+            if name.startswith(CJK_UNI_PREFIX):
+                name = CJK_UNI_PREFIX
+            elif name.startswith(CJK_CMP_PREFIX):
+                name = CJK_CMP_PREFIX
+
+            for word in tokenize(name):
+                index.setdefault(word, set()).add(char)
+
+        self.index = index
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.index)
+
+    def word_rank(self, top=None):
+        res = [(len(self.index[key]), key) for key in self.index]
+        res.sort(key=lambda item: (-item[0], item[1]))
+        if top is not None:
+            res = res[:top]
+        return res
+
+    def word_report(self, top=None):
+        for postings, key in self.word_rank(top):
+            print('{:5} {}'.format(postings, key))
+
+    def find_chars(self, query, start=0, stop=None):
+        stop = sys.maxsize if stop is None else stop
+        result_sets = []
+        for word in tokenize(query):
+            if word in self.index:
+                result_sets.append(self.index[word])
+            else:  # shorcut: no such word
+                result_sets = []
+                break
+        if result_sets:
+            result = result_sets[0].intersection(*result_sets[1:])
+            result = sorted(result)  # must sort for consistency
+            result_iter = itertools.islice(result, start, stop)
+            return QueryResult(len(result),
+                               (char for char in result_iter))
+        return QueryResult(0, ())
+
+    def find_codes(self, query, start=0, stop=None):
+        return (ord(char) for char
+                in self.find_chars(query, start, stop).items)
+
+    def describe(self, char):
+        code_str = 'U+{:04X}'.format(ord(char))
+        name = unicodedata.name(char)
+        return CharDescription(code_str, char, name)
+
+    def find_descriptions(self, query, start=0, stop=None):
+        for char in self.find_chars(query, start, stop).items:
+            yield self.describe(char)
+
+    def get_descriptions(self, chars):
+        for char in chars:
+            yield self.describe(char)
+
+    def describe_str(self, char):
+        return '{:7}\t{}\t{}'.format(*self.describe(char))
+
+    def find_description_strs(self, query, start=0, stop=None):
+        for char in self.find_chars(query, start, stop).items:
+            yield self.describe_str(char)
+
+    @staticmethod  # not an instance method due to concurrency
+    def status(query, counter):
+        if counter == 0:
+            msg = 'No match'
+        elif counter == 1:
+            msg = '1 match'
+        else:
+            msg = '{} matches'.format(counter)
+        return '{} for {!r}'.format(msg, query)
+
+
+def main(*args):
+    index = UnicodeNameIndex()
+    query = ' '.join(args)
+    n = 0
+    for n, line in enumerate(index.find_description_strs(query), 1):
+        print(line)
+    print('({})'.format(index.status(query, n)))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        main(*sys.argv[1:])
+    else:
+        print('Usage: {} word1 [word2]...'.format(sys.argv[0]))
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/http_charfinder.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/http_charfinder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+from aiohttp import web
+
+from charfinder import UnicodeNameIndex
+
+PAGE_TPL = '''
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <title>Charserver</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>
+        <form action="/">
+          <input type="search" name="query" value="{query}">
+          <input type="submit" value="find">
+        Examples: {links}
+        </form>
+    </p>
+    <p>{message}</p>
+    <hr>
+  <table>
+{result}
+  </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
+'''
+
+EXAMPLE_WORDS = ('bismillah chess cat circled Malayalam digit Roman face Ethiopic'
+                 ' black mark symbol dot operator Braille hexagram').split()
+
+LINK_TPL = '<a href="/?query={0}" title="find &quot;{0}&quot;">{0}</a>'
+
+LINKS_HTML =  ', '.join(LINK_TPL.format(word)
+                        for word in sorted(EXAMPLE_WORDS, key=str.upper))
+
+ROW_TPL = '<tr><td>{code_str}</td><th>{char}</th><td>{name}</td></tr>'
+
+CONTENT_TYPE = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
+
+index = None  # a UnicodeNameIndex instance
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def handle(request):
+    query = request.GET.get('query', '')
+    print('Query: {!r}'.format(query))
+    if query:
+        descriptions = list(index.find_descriptions(query))
+        res = '\n'.join(ROW_TPL.format(**vars(descr))
+                        for descr in descriptions)
+        msg = index.status(query, len(descriptions))
+    else:
+        descriptions = []
+        res = ''
+        msg = 'Type words describing characters.'
+
+    text = PAGE_TPL.format(query=query, result=res,
+                           message=msg, links=LINKS_HTML)
+    print('Sending {} results'.format(len(descriptions)))
+    return web.Response(content_type=CONTENT_TYPE, text=text)
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def init(loop, address, port):
+    app = web.Application(loop=loop)
+    app.router.add_route('GET', '/', handle)
+
+    server = yield from loop.create_server(app.make_handler(),
+                                           address, port)
+    host = server.sockets[0].getsockname()
+    print('Serving on {}. Hit CTRL-C to stop.'.format(host))
+
+
+def main(address="127.0.0.1", port=8888):
+    port = int(port)
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(init(loop, address, port))
+    loop.run_forever()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    index = UnicodeNameIndex()
+    main(*sys.argv[1:])
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/http_charfinder2.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/http_charfinder2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+import urllib
+import json
+from aiohttp import web
+
+from charfinder import UnicodeNameIndex
+
+PAGE_TPL = '''
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <title>Charserver</title>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+    function onclick() {
+      var table = document.getElementById("results");
+      for (var char in "ABCDE") {
+        code = char.charCodeAt(0);
+        var tr = document.createElement('tr');
+        tr.appendChild(document.createElement('td'));
+        tr.appendChild(document.createElement('th'));
+        var code_str = 'U+'+code.toString(16);
+        tr.cells[0].appendChild(document.createTextNode(code_str));
+        tr.cells[1].appendChild(document.createTextNode(char));
+      }
+    }
+    </script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>
+        <form action="/">
+          <input type="search" name="query" value="">
+          <input type="submit" value="find" onclick="fillTable()">
+        Examples: {links}
+        </form>
+    </p>
+    <p>{message}</p>
+    <hr>
+  <table id="results">
+  </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
+'''
+
+EXAMPLE_WORDS = ('bismillah chess cat circled Malayalam digit Roman face Ethiopic'
+                 ' black mark symbol dot operator Braille hexagram').split()
+
+LINK_TPL = '<a href="/?query={0}" title="find &quot;{0}&quot;">{0}</a>'
+
+LINKS_HTML =  ', '.join(LINK_TPL.format(word)
+                        for word in sorted(EXAMPLE_WORDS, key=str.upper))
+
+ROW_TPL = '<tr id="{code_str}"><td>{code_str}</td><th>{char}</th><td>{name}</td></tr>'
+
+HTML_TYPE = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
+TEXT_TYPE = 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8'
+
+RESULTS_PER_REQUEST = 15
+
+index = None  # a UnicodeNameIndex instance
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def form(request):
+    peername = request.transport.get_extra_info('peername')
+    print('Request from: {}, query: {!r}'.format(peername, request.path_qs))
+    msg = 'Type words describing characters.'
+    text = PAGE_TPL.format(message=msg, links=LINKS_HTML)
+    return web.Response(content_type=HTML_TYPE, text=text)
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def get_chars(request):
+    peername = request.transport.get_extra_info('peername')
+    print('Request from: {}, GET data: {!r}'.format(peername, dict(request.GET)))
+    query = request.GET.get('query', '')
+    if query:
+        try:
+            start = int(request.GET.get('start', 0))
+            stop = int(request.GET.get('stop', sys.maxsize))
+        except ValueError:
+            raise web.HTTPBadRequest()
+        stop = min(stop, start+RESULTS_PER_REQUEST)
+        num_results, chars = index.find_chars(query, start, stop)
+    else:
+        raise web.HTTPBadRequest()
+    text = ''.join(char if n % 64 else char+'\n'
+            for n, char in enumerate(chars, 1))
+    response_data = {'total': num_results, 'start': start, 'stop': stop}
+    print('Response to query: {query!r}, start: {start}, stop: {stop}'.format(
+          query=query, **response_data))
+    response_data['chars'] = text
+    json_obj = json.dumps(response_data)
+    print('Sending {} characters'.format(len(text)))
+    headers = {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'}
+    return web.Response(content_type=TEXT_TYPE, headers=headers, text=json_obj)
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def init(loop, address, port):
+    app = web.Application(loop=loop)
+    app.router.add_route('GET', '/chars', get_chars)
+    app.router.add_route('GET', '/', form)
+
+    server = yield from loop.create_server(app.make_handler(),
+                                           address, port)
+    host = server.sockets[0].getsockname()
+    print('Serving on {}. Hit CTRL-C to stop.'.format(host))
+
+
+def main(address="127.0.0.1", port=8888):
+    port = int(port)
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(init(loop, address, port))
+    try:
+        loop.run_forever()
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print('Stopped.')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    index = UnicodeNameIndex()
+    main(*sys.argv[1:])
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/tcp_charfinder.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/tcp_charfinder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+
+from charfinder import UnicodeNameIndex
+
+CRLF = b'\r\n'
+PROMPT = b'?> '
+
+index = None  # a UnicodeNameIndex instance
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def handle_queries(reader, writer):
+    while True:
+        writer.write(PROMPT)  # can't yield from!
+        yield from writer.drain()  # must yield from!
+        data = yield from reader.readline()
+        try:
+            query = data.decode().strip()
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            query = '\x00'
+        client = writer.get_extra_info('peername')
+        print('Received from {}: {!r}'.format(client, query))
+        if query:
+            if ord(query[:1]) < 32:
+                break
+            lines = list(index.find_description_strs(query))
+            if lines:
+                writer.writelines(line.encode() + CRLF for line in lines)
+            writer.write(index.status(query, len(lines)).encode() + CRLF)
+
+            yield from writer.drain()
+            print('Sent {} results'.format(len(lines)))
+
+    print('Close the client socket')
+    writer.close()
+
+
+def main(address='127.0.0.1', port=8888):
+    port = int(port)
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    coro = asyncio.start_server(handle_queries, address, port, loop=loop)
+    server = loop.run_until_complete(coro)
+
+    host = server.sockets[0].getsockname()
+    print('Serving on {}. Hit CTRL-C to stop.'.format(host))
+    try:
+        loop.run_forever()
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:  # CTRL+C pressed
+        pass
+
+    server.close()
+    loop.run_until_complete(server.wait_closed())
+    loop.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    index = UnicodeNameIndex()
+    main(*sys.argv[1:])
--- a/attic/concurrency/charfinder/test_charfinder.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/charfinder/test_charfinder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import pytest
+
+from charfinder import UnicodeNameIndex, tokenize, sample_chars, query_type
+from unicodedata import name
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sample_index():
+    return UnicodeNameIndex(sample_chars)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def full_index():
+    return UnicodeNameIndex()
+
+
+def test_query_type():
+    assert query_type('blue') == 'NAME'
+
+
+def test_tokenize():
+    assert list(tokenize('')) == []
+    assert list(tokenize('a b')) == ['A', 'B']
+    assert list(tokenize('a-b')) == ['A', 'B']
+    assert list(tokenize('abc')) == ['ABC']
+    assert list(tokenize('café')) == ['CAFÉ']
+
+
+def test_index():
+    sample_index = UnicodeNameIndex(sample_chars)
+    assert len(sample_index) == 9
+
+
+def test_find_word_no_match(sample_index):
+    res = list(sample_index.find_codes('qwertyuiop'))
+    assert len(res) == 0
+
+
+def test_find_word_1_match(sample_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in sample_index.find_codes('currency')]
+    assert res == [(8352, 'EURO-CURRENCY SIGN')]
+
+
+def test_find_word_1_match_character_result(sample_index):
+    res = [name(char) for char in
+           sample_index.find_chars('currency').items]
+    assert res == ['EURO-CURRENCY SIGN']
+
+
+def test_find_word_2_matches(sample_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in sample_index.find_codes('Euro')]
+    assert res == [(8352, 'EURO-CURRENCY SIGN'),
+                   (8364, 'EURO SIGN')]
+
+
+def test_find_2_words_no_matches(sample_index):
+    res = list(sample_index.find_codes('Euro letter'))
+    assert len(res) == 0
+
+
+def test_find_2_words_no_matches_because_one_not_found(sample_index):
+    res = list(sample_index.find_codes('letter qwertyuiop'))
+    assert len(res) == 0
+
+
+def test_find_2_words_1_match(sample_index):
+    res = list(sample_index.find_codes('sign dollar'))
+    assert len(res) == 1
+
+
+def test_find_2_words_2_matches(sample_index):
+    res = list(sample_index.find_codes('latin letter'))
+    assert len(res) == 2
+
+
+def test_find_codes_many_matches_full(full_index):
+    res = list(full_index.find_codes('letter'))
+    assert len(res) > 7000
+
+
+def test_find_1_word_1_match_full(full_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in full_index.find_codes('registered')]
+    assert res == [(174, 'REGISTERED SIGN')]
+
+
+def test_find_1_word_2_matches_full(full_index):
+    res = list(full_index.find_codes('rook'))
+    assert len(res) == 2
+
+
+def test_find_3_words_no_matches_full(full_index):
+    res = list(full_index.find_codes('no such character'))
+    assert len(res) == 0
+
+
+def test_find_with_start(sample_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in sample_index.find_codes('sign', 1)]
+    assert res == [(8352, 'EURO-CURRENCY SIGN'), (8364, 'EURO SIGN')]
+
+
+def test_find_with_stop(sample_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in sample_index.find_codes('sign', 0, 2)]
+    assert res == [(36, 'DOLLAR SIGN'), (8352, 'EURO-CURRENCY SIGN')]
+
+
+def test_find_with_start_stop(sample_index):
+    res = [(code, name(chr(code)))
+           for code in sample_index.find_codes('sign', 1, 2)]
+    assert res == [(8352, 'EURO-CURRENCY SIGN')]
+
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/README.rst
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+=========================================
+Setting up the test environment 
+=========================================
+
+Some of the concurrency examples in this book require a local HTTP
+server. These instructions show how I setup Ngnix on GNU/Linux,
+Mac OS X 10.9 and Windows 7.
+
+Nginx setup on Mac OS X
+========================
+
+Homebrew (copy & paste code at the bottom of http://brew.sh/)::
+
+  $ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
+  $ brew doctor
+  $ brew install nginx
+
+Download and unpack::
+
+Docroot is: /usr/local/var/www
+/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
+
+To have launchd start nginx at login:
+    ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/nginx/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
+Then to load nginx now:
+    launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist
+Or, if you don't want/need launchctl, you can just run:
+    nginx
+
+Nginx setup on Lubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
+==================================
+
+/usr/share/nginx/html
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/build_fixture.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/build_fixture.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+Build flags fixture
+"""
+
+import shutil
+import os
+import json
+
+SRC = 'img/'
+DEST = 'fixture/'
+
+with open('country-codes.tab') as cc_fp:
+    for line in cc_fp:
+        if line.startswith('#'):
+            continue
+        iso_cc, gec_cc, name = line.strip().split('\t')
+        print(iso_cc, name)
+        cc = iso_cc.lower()
+        img_name = cc + '.gif'
+        from_file = os.path.join(SRC, img_name)
+        to_path = os.path.join(DEST, cc)
+        os.mkdir(to_path)
+        to_file = os.path.join(to_path, img_name)
+        shutil.copyfile(from_file, to_file)
+        tld_cc = 'uk' if cc == 'gb' else cc
+        metadata = {'country': name, 'iso_cc': iso_cc,
+            'tld_cc': '.'+tld_cc, 'gec_cc': gec_cc}
+
+        with open(os.path.join(to_path, 'metadata.json'), 'wt') as json_fp:
+            json.dump(metadata, json_fp, ensure_ascii=True)
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/cc_count.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/cc_count.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+from collections import Counter
+from operator import itemgetter
+from string import ascii_uppercase
+
+with open('country-codes.tab') as fp:
+    ct = Counter()
+    for line in fp:
+        if line.startswith('#'):
+            continue
+        cc, _, _ = line.split('\t')
+        ct[cc[0]] += 1
+        print(cc, end=' ')
+
+for key, value in sorted(ct.items(), key=itemgetter(1), reverse=True):
+    print(key, value)
+
+print('Total:', sum(ct.values()))
+print('Missing:', ', '.join(set(ascii_uppercase) - ct.keys()))
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/cc_tlds.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/cc_tlds.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Check country code TLDs
+"""
+
+import shutil
+import os
+import json
+
+iso_cc_db = {}
+
+with open('country-codes.tab') as cc_fp:
+    for line in cc_fp:
+        if line.startswith('#'):
+            continue
+        iso_cc, gec_cc, name = line.strip().split('\t')
+        iso_cc_db[iso_cc.lower()] = name
+
+tld_cc_db = {}
+
+with open('tlds.tab') as cc_fp:
+    for line in cc_fp:
+        if line.startswith('#'):
+            continue
+        tld_cc, category, entity = line.strip().split('\t')
+        if category.strip() != 'country-code':
+            continue
+        if ascii(tld_cc) != repr(tld_cc):
+            continue
+        tld_cc_db[tld_cc[1:].strip()] = entity
+
+not_tld = iso_cc_db.keys() - tld_cc_db.keys()
+print(sorted(not_tld))
+
+for iso_cc, name in sorted(iso_cc_db.items()):
+    entity = tld_cc_db[iso_cc]
+    print('{}\t{}\t{}'.format(iso_cc, name, entity))
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/count_colors.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/count_colors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import tkinter
+
+class Test:
+    def __init__(self, master):
+
+        canvas = tkinter.Canvas(master)
+
+        canvas.image = tkinter.PhotoImage(file = 'img/br.gif')
+        print(vars(canvas.image))
+
+        canvas.create_image(0,0, image=canvas.image, anchor=tkinter.NW)
+        canvas.bind('<Button-2>', self.right_click)
+
+        canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)
+
+    def right_click(self, event):
+        print(vars(event))
+        raise SystemExit()
+
+root = tkinter.Tk()
+test = Test(root)
+root.mainloop()
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/country-codes.tab
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/country-codes.tab
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# ISO-3166-1	US-GEC	name
+AF	AF	Afghanistan
+AL	AL	Albania
+DZ	AG	Algeria
+AD	AN	Andorra
+AO	AO	Angola
+AG	AC	Antigua and Barbuda
+AR	AR	Argentina
+AM	AM	Armenia
+AU	AS	Australia
+AT	AU	Austria
+AZ	AJ	Azerbaijan
+BS	BF	Bahamas
+BH	BA	Bahrain
+BD	BG	Bangladesh
+BB	BB	Barbados
+BY	BO	Belarus
+BE	BE	Belgium
+BZ	BH	Belize
+BJ	BN	Benin
+BT	BT	Bhutan
+BO	BL	Bolivia
+BA	BK	Bosnia and Herzegovina
+BW	BC	Botswana
+BR	BR	Brazil
+BN	BX	Brunei Darussalam
+BG	BU	Bulgaria
+BF	UV	Burkina Faso
+BI	BY	Burundi
+KH	CB	Cambodia
+CM	CM	Cameroon
+CA	CA	Canada
+CV	CV	Cape Verde
+CF	CT	Central African Republic
+TD	CD	Chad
+CL	CI	Chile
+CN	CH	China
+CO	CO	Colombia
+KM	CN	Comoros
+CG	CF	Congo (Brazzaville)
+CD	CG	Congo (Kinshasa)
+CR	CS	Costa Rica
+CI	IV	Côte d'Ivoire
+HR	HR	Croatia
+CU	CU	Cuba
+CY	CY	Cyprus
+CZ	EZ	Czech Republic
+DK	DA	Denmark
+DJ	DJ	Djibouti
+DM	DO	Dominica
+EC	EC	Ecuador
+EG	EG	Egypt
+SV	ES	El Salvador
+GQ	EK	Equatorial Guinea
+ER	ER	Eritrea
+EE	EN	Estonia
+ET	ET	Ethiopia
+FJ	FJ	Fiji
+FI	FI	Finland
+FR	FR	France
+GA	GB	Gabon
+GM	GA	Gambia
+GE	GG	Georgia
+DE	GM	Germany
+GH	GH	Ghana
+GR	GR	Greece
+GD	GJ	Grenada
+GT	GT	Guatemala
+GN	GV	Guinea
+GW	PU	Guinea-Bissau
+GY	GY	Guyana
+HT	HA	Haiti
+HN	HO	Honduras
+HU	HU	Hungary
+IS	IC	Iceland
+IN	IN	India
+ID	ID	Indonesia
+IR	IR	Iran
+IQ	IZ	Iraq
+IE	EI	Ireland
+IL	IS	Israel
+IT	IT	Italy
+JM	JM	Jamaica
+JP	JA	Japan
+JO	JO	Jordan
+KZ	KZ	Kazakhstan
+KE	KE	Kenya
+KI	KR	Kiribati
+KP	KN	Korea, North
+KR	KS	Korea, South
+KW	KU	Kuwait
+KG	KG	Kyrgyzstan
+LA	LA	Laos
+LV	LG	Latvia
+LB	LE	Lebanon
+LS	LT	Lesotho
+LR	LI	Liberia
+LY	LY	Libya
+LI	LS	Liechtenstein
+LT	LH	Lithuania
+LU	LU	Luxembourg
+MK	MK	Macedonia
+MG	MA	Madagascar
+MW	MI	Malawi
+MY	MY	Malaysia
+MV	MV	Maldives
+ML	ML	Mali
+MT	MT	Malta
+MH	RM	Marshall Islands
+MR	MR	Mauritania
+MU	MP	Mauritius
+MX	MX	Mexico
+FM	FM	Micronesia
+MD	MD	Moldova
+MC	MN	Monaco
+MN	MG	Mongolia
+ME	MJ	Montenegro
+MA	MO	Morocco
+MZ	MZ	Mozambique
+MM	BM	Myanmar
+NA	WA	Namibia
+NR	NR	Nauru
+NP	NP	Nepal
+NL	NL	Netherlands
+NZ	NZ	New Zealand
+NI	NU	Nicaragua
+NE	NG	Niger
+NG	NI	Nigeria
+NO	NO	Norway
+OM	MU	Oman
+PK	PK	Pakistan
+PW	PS	Palau
+PA	PM	Panama
+PG	PP	Papua New Guinea
+PY	PA	Paraguay
+PE	PE	Peru
+PH	RP	Philippines
+PL	PL	Poland
+PT	PO	Portugal
+QA	QA	Qatar
+RO	RO	Romania
+RU	RS	Russian Federation
+RW	RW	Rwanda
+KN	SC	Saint Kitts and Nevis
+LC	ST	Saint Lucia
+VC	VC	Grenadines
+WS	WS	Samoa
+SM	SM	San Marino
+ST	TP	Sao Tome and Principe
+SA	SA	Saudi Arabia
+SN	SG	Senegal
+RS	RI	Serbia
+SC	SE	Seychelles
+SL	SL	Sierra Leone
+SG	SN	Singapore
+SK	LO	Slovakia
+SI	SI	Slovenia
+SB	BP	Solomon Islands
+SO	SO	Somalia
+ZA	SF	South Africa
+SS	OD	South Sudan
+ES	SP	Spain
+LK	CE	Sri Lanka
+SD	SU	Sudan
+SR	NS	Suriname
+SZ	WZ	Swaziland
+SE	SW	Sweden
+CH	SZ	Switzerland
+SY	SY	Syria
+TW	TW	Taiwan
+TJ	TI	Tajikistan
+TZ	TZ	Tanzania
+TH	TH	Thailand
+TL	TT	Timor-Leste
+TG	TO	Togo
+TO	TN	Tonga
+TT	TD	Trinidad and Tobago
+TN	TS	Tunisia
+TR	TU	Turkey
+TM	TX	Turkmenistan
+TV	TV	Tuvalu
+UG	UG	Uganda
+UA	UP	Ukraine
+AE	AE	United Arab Emirates
+GB	UK	United Kingdom
+US	US	United States of America
+UY	UY	Uruguay
+UZ	UZ	Uzbekistan
+VU	NH	Vanuatu
+VA	VT	Vatican City
+VE	VE	Venezuela
+VN	VM	Vietnam
+YE	YM	Yemen
+ZM	ZA	Zambia
+ZW	ZI	Zimbabwe
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/countryflags.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/countryflags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""
+Mappings of ISO-3166-1 alpha-2 country codes to names, to GEC
+(Geopolitical Entities and Codes used by the US government)
+and utility functions for flag download examples
+"""
+
+DATA_FILE = 'country-codes.tab'
+
+# original source
+CIA_URL = ('https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/'
+            'the-world-factbook/graphics/flags/large/{gec}-lgflag.gif')
+
+# local nginx web server
+NGINX_URL = 'http://localhost:8080/ciaflags/{gec}.gif'
+
+# Vaurien
+VAURIEN_URL = 'http://localhost:8000/ciaflags/{gec}.gif'
+
+SOURCE_URLS = {
+    'CIA' : CIA_URL,
+    'NGINX' : NGINX_URL,
+    'VAURIEN' : VAURIEN_URL,
+}
+
+DEST_PATH_NAME = 'img/{cc}.gif'
+
+cc2name = {}  # ISO-3166-1 to name
+cc2gec = {}   # ISO-3166-1 to GEC
+
+def _load():
+    with open(DATA_FILE, encoding='utf-8') as cc_txt:
+        for line in cc_txt:
+            line = line.rstrip()
+            if line.startswith('#'):
+                continue
+            iso_cc, gec, name = line.split('\t')
+            cc2name[iso_cc] = name
+            cc2gec[iso_cc] = gec
+
+
+def flag_url(iso_cc, source='CIA'):
+    base_url = SOURCE_URLS[source.upper()]
+    return base_url.format(gec=cc2gec[iso_cc].lower())
+
+def iso_file_name(iso_cc):
+    return DEST_PATH_NAME.format(cc=iso_cc.lower())
+
+def gec_file_name(iso_cc):
+    return DEST_PATH_NAME.format(cc=cc2gec[iso_cc].lower())
+
+_load()
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/getsequential.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/getsequential.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import requests
+import countryflags as cf
+import time
+
+
+times = {}
+
+def fetch(iso_cc, source):
+    resp = requests.get(cf.flag_url(iso_cc, source))
+    if resp.status_code != 200:
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+    file_name = cf.iso_file_name(iso_cc)
+    with open(file_name, 'wb') as img:
+        written = img.write(resp.content)
+    return written, file_name
+
+def main(source):
+    pending = sorted(cf.cc2name)
+    to_download = len(pending)
+    downloaded = 0
+    t0 = time.time()
+    for iso_cc in pending:
+        print('get:', iso_cc)
+        try:
+            times[iso_cc] = [time.time() - t0]
+            octets, file_name = fetch(iso_cc, source)
+            times[iso_cc].append(time.time() - t0)
+            downloaded += 1
+            print('\t--> {}: {:5d} bytes'.format(file_name, octets))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            print('\t***', iso_cc, 'generated an exception:', exc)
+    ratio = downloaded / to_download
+    print('{} of {} downloaded ({:.1%})'.format(downloaded, to_download, ratio))
+    for iso_cc in sorted(times):
+        start, end = times[iso_cc]
+        print('{}\t{:.6g}\t{:.6g}'.format(iso_cc, start, end))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import argparse
+
+    source_names = ', '.join(sorted(cf.SOURCE_URLS))
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Download flag images.')
+    parser.add_argument('source', help='one of: ' + source_names)
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    main(args.source)
+
+"""
+From cia.gov:
+real    3m26.679s
+user    0m5.212s
+sys     0m0.383s
+
+From localhost nginx:
+real    0m1.193s
+user    0m0.858s
+sys     0m0.179s
+
+From localhost nginx via Vaurien with .5s delay
+real    1m40.519s
+user    0m1.103s
+sys     0m0.243s
+"""
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/getthreadpool.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/getthreadpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+from concurrent import futures
+import sys
+import requests
+import countryflags as cf
+import time
+
+from getsequential import fetch
+
+DEFAULT_NUM_THREADS = 100
+GLOBAL_TIMEOUT = 300  # seconds
+
+times = {}
+
+def main(source, num_threads):
+    pool = futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(num_threads)
+    pending = {}
+    t0 = time.time()
+    # submit all jobs
+    for iso_cc in sorted(cf.cc2name):
+        print('get:', iso_cc)
+        times[iso_cc] = [time.time() - t0]
+        job = pool.submit(fetch, iso_cc, source)
+        pending[job] = iso_cc
+    to_download = len(pending)
+    downloaded = 0
+    # get results as jobs are done
+    for job in futures.as_completed(pending, timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT):
+        try:
+            octets, file_name = job.result()
+            times[pending[job]].append(time.time() - t0)
+            downloaded += 1
+            print('\t--> {}: {:5d} bytes'.format(file_name, octets))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            print('\t***', pending[job], 'generated an exception:', exc)
+    ratio = downloaded / to_download
+    print('{} of {} downloaded ({:.1%})'.format(downloaded, to_download, ratio))
+    for iso_cc in sorted(times):
+        start, end = times[iso_cc]
+        print('{}\t{:.6g}\t{:.6g}'.format(iso_cc, start, end))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import argparse
+
+    source_names = ', '.join(sorted(cf.SOURCE_URLS))
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Download flag images.')
+    parser.add_argument('source', help='one of: ' + source_names)
+    parser.add_argument('-t', '--threads', type=int, default=DEFAULT_NUM_THREADS,
+                   help='number of threads (default: %s)' % DEFAULT_NUM_THREADS)
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    main(args.source, args.threads)
+
+"""
+From CIA, 1 thread:
+real    2m0.832s
+user    0m4.685s
+sys     0m0.366s
+
+
+
+"""
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/graphs.ods
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/graphs.ods
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/img.zip
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/img.zip
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/img/README.txt
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/img/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This file exists so that the directory is stored by git.
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/tlds.tab
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/tlds.tab
@@ -0,0 +1,848 @@
+# https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
+.abogado 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.ac 	country-code 	Network Information Center (AC Domain Registry) c/o Cable and Wireless (Ascension Island)
+.academy 	generic 	Half Oaks, LLC
+.accountants 	generic 	Knob Town, LLC
+.active 	generic 	The Active Network, Inc
+.actor 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.ad 	country-code 	Andorra Telecom
+.adult 	generic 	ICM Registry AD LLC
+.ae 	country-code 	Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+.aero 	sponsored 	Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautique (SITA INC USA)
+.af 	country-code 	Ministry of Communications and IT
+.ag 	country-code 	UHSA School of Medicine
+.agency 	generic 	Steel Falls, LLC
+.ai 	country-code 	Government of Anguilla
+.airforce 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.al 	country-code 	Electronic and Postal Communications Authority - AKEP
+.allfinanz 	generic 	Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
+.alsace 	generic 	REGION D ALSACE
+.am 	country-code 	Internet Society
+.amsterdam 	generic 	Gemeente Amsterdam
+.an 	country-code 	University of Curacao
+.android 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.ao 	country-code 	Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Agostinho Neto
+.apartments 	generic 	June Maple, LLC
+.aq 	country-code 	Antarctica Network Information Centre Limited
+.aquarelle 	generic 	Aquarelle.com
+.ar 	country-code 	Presidencia de la Nación – Secretaría Legal y Técnica
+.archi 	generic 	STARTING DOT LIMITED
+.army 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.arpa 	infrastructure 	Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
+.as 	country-code 	AS Domain Registry
+.asia 	sponsored 	DotAsia Organisation Ltd.
+.associates 	generic 	Baxter Hill, LLC
+.at 	country-code 	nic.at GmbH
+.attorney 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.au 	country-code 	.au Domain Administration (auDA)
+.auction 	generic 	United TLD HoldCo, Ltd.
+.audio 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.autos 	generic 	DERAutos, LLC
+.aw 	country-code 	SETAR
+.ax 	country-code 	Ålands landskapsregering
+.axa 	generic 	AXA SA
+.az 	country-code 	IntraNS
+.ba 	country-code 	Universtiy Telinformatic Centre (UTIC)
+.band 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.bank 	generic 	fTLD Registry Services, LLC
+.bar 	generic 	Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
+.barclaycard 	generic 	Barclays Bank PLC
+.barclays 	generic 	Barclays Bank PLC
+.bargains 	generic 	Half Hallow, LLC
+.bayern 	generic 	Bayern Connect GmbH
+.bb 	country-code 	Government of Barbados Ministry of Economic Affairs and Development Telecommunications Unit
+.bd 	country-code 	Ministry of Post & Telecommunications Bangladesh Secretariat
+.be 	country-code 	DNS Belgium vzw/asbl
+.beer 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.berlin 	generic 	dotBERLIN GmbH & Co. KG
+.best 	generic 	BestTLD Pty Ltd
+.bf 	country-code 	ARCE-AutoritÈ de RÈgulation des Communications Electroniques
+.bg 	country-code 	Register.BG
+.bh 	country-code 	Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+.bi 	country-code 	Centre National de l'Informatique
+.bid 	generic 	dot Bid Limited
+.bike 	generic 	Grand Hollow, LLC
+.bingo 	generic 	Sand Cedar, LLC
+.bio 	generic 	STARTING DOT LIMITED
+.biz 	generic-restricted 	NeuStar, Inc.
+.bj 	country-code 	Benin Telecoms S.A.
+.bl 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.black 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.blackfriday 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.bloomberg 	generic 	Bloomberg IP Holdings LLC
+.blue 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.bm 	country-code 	Registry General Ministry of Labour and Immigration
+.bmw 	generic 	Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
+.bn 	country-code 	Telekom Brunei Berhad
+.bnpparibas 	generic 	BNP Paribas
+.bo 	country-code 	Agencia para el Desarrollo de la Información de la Sociedad en Bolivia
+.boo 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.boutique 	generic 	Over Galley, LLC
+.bq 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.br 	country-code 	Comite Gestor da Internet no Brasil
+.brussels 	generic 	DNS.be vzw
+.bs 	country-code 	The College of the Bahamas
+.bt 	country-code 	Ministry of Information and Communications
+.budapest 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.build 	generic 	Plan Bee LLC
+.builders 	generic 	Atomic Madison, LLC
+.business 	generic 	Spring Cross, LLC
+.buzz 	generic 	DOTSTRATEGY CO.
+.bv 	country-code 	UNINETT Norid A/S
+.bw 	country-code 	Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority (BOCRA)
+.by 	country-code 	Reliable Software Inc.
+.bz 	country-code 	University of Belize
+.bzh 	generic 	Association www.bzh
+.ca 	country-code 	Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA) Autorite Canadienne pour les Enregistrements Internet (ACEI)
+.cab 	generic 	Half Sunset, LLC
+.cal 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.camera 	generic 	Atomic Maple, LLC
+.camp 	generic 	Delta Dynamite, LLC
+.cancerresearch 	generic 	Australian Cancer Research Foundation
+.canon 	generic 	Canon Inc.
+.capetown 	generic 	ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+.capital 	generic 	Delta Mill, LLC
+.caravan 	generic 	Caravan International, Inc.
+.cards 	generic 	Foggy Hollow, LLC
+.care 	generic 	Goose Cross, LLC
+.career 	generic 	dotCareer LLC
+.careers 	generic 	Wild Corner, LLC
+.cartier 	generic 	Richemont DNS Inc.
+.casa 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.cash 	generic 	Delta Lake, LLC
+.cat 	sponsored 	Fundacio puntCAT
+.catering 	generic 	New Falls. LLC
+.cbn 	generic 	The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc.
+.cc 	country-code 	eNIC Cocos (Keeling) Islands Pty. Ltd. d/b/a Island Internet Services
+.cd 	country-code 	Office Congolais des Postes et Télécommunications - OCPT
+.center 	generic 	Tin Mill, LLC
+.ceo 	generic 	CEOTLD Pty Ltd
+.cern 	generic 	European Organization for Nuclear Research ("CERN")
+.cf 	country-code 	Societe Centrafricaine de Telecommunications (SOCATEL)
+.cg 	country-code 	ONPT Congo and Interpoint Switzerland
+.ch 	country-code 	SWITCH The Swiss Education & Research Network
+.channel 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.chat 	generic 	Sand Fields, LLC
+.cheap 	generic 	Sand Cover, LLC
+.christmas 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.chrome 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.church 	generic 	Holly Fileds, LLC
+.ci 	country-code 	INP-HB Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouet Boigny
+.citic 	generic 	CITIC Group Corporation
+.city 	generic 	Snow Sky, LLC
+.ck 	country-code 	Telecom Cook Islands Ltd.
+.cl 	country-code 	NIC Chile (University of Chile)
+.claims 	generic 	Black Corner, LLC
+.cleaning 	generic 	Fox Shadow, LLC
+.click 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.clinic 	generic 	Goose Park, LLC
+.clothing 	generic 	Steel Lake, LLC
+.club 	generic 	.CLUB DOMAINS, LLC
+.cm 	country-code 	Cameroon Telecommunications (CAMTEL)
+.cn 	country-code 	Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences
+.co 	country-code 	.CO Internet S.A.S.
+.coach 	generic 	Koko Island, LLC
+.codes 	generic 	Puff Willow, LLC
+.coffee 	generic 	Trixy Cover, LLC
+.college 	generic 	XYZ.COM LLC
+.cologne 	generic 	NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
+.com 	generic 	VeriSign Global Registry Services
+.community 	generic 	Fox Orchard, LLC
+.company 	generic 	Silver Avenue, LLC
+.computer 	generic 	Pine Mill, LLC
+.condos 	generic 	Pine House, LLC
+.construction 	generic 	Fox Dynamite, LLC
+.consulting 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+.contractors 	generic 	Magic Woods, LLC
+.cooking 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.cool 	generic 	Koko Lake, LLC
+.coop 	sponsored 	DotCooperation LLC
+.country 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.cr 	country-code 	National Academy of Sciences Academia Nacional de Ciencias
+.credit 	generic 	Snow Shadow, LLC
+.creditcard 	generic 	Binky Frostbite, LLC
+.cricket 	generic 	dot Cricket Limited
+.crs 	generic 	Federated Co-operatives Limited
+.cruises 	generic 	Spring Way, LLC
+.cu 	country-code 	CENIAInternet Industria y San Jose Capitolio Nacional
+.cuisinella 	generic 	SALM S.A.S.
+.cv 	country-code 	Agência Nacional das Comunicações (ANAC)
+.cw 	country-code 	University of Curacao
+.cx 	country-code 	Christmas Island Internet Administration Limited
+.cy 	country-code 	University of Cyprus
+.cymru 	generic 	Nominet UK
+.cz 	country-code 	CZ.NIC, z.s.p.o
+.dabur 	generic 	Dabur India Limited
+.dad 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.dance 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.dating 	generic 	Pine Fest, LLC
+.day 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.dclk 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.de 	country-code 	DENIC eG
+.deals 	generic 	Sand Sunset, LLC
+.degree 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.delivery 	generic 	Steel Station, LLC
+.democrat 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.dental 	generic 	Tin Birch, LLC
+.dentist 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.desi 	generic 	Desi Networks LLC
+.design 	generic 	Top Level Design, LLC
+.dev 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.diamonds 	generic 	John Edge, LLC
+.diet 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.digital 	generic 	Dash Park, LLC
+.direct 	generic 	Half Trail, LLC
+.directory 	generic 	Extra Madison, LLC
+.discount 	generic 	Holly Hill, LLC
+.dj 	country-code 	Djibouti Telecom S.A
+.dk 	country-code 	Dansk Internet Forum
+.dm 	country-code 	DotDM Corporation
+.dnp 	generic 	Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
+.do 	country-code 	Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra Recinto Santo Tomas de Aquino
+.docs 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.domains 	generic 	Sugar Cross, LLC
+.doosan 	generic 	Doosan Corporation
+.durban 	generic 	ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+.dvag 	generic 	Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+.dz 	country-code 	CERIST
+.eat 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.ec 	country-code 	NIC.EC (NICEC) S.A.
+.edu 	sponsored 	EDUCAUSE
+.education 	generic 	Brice Way, LLC
+.ee 	country-code 	Eesti Interneti Sihtasutus (EIS)
+.eg 	country-code 	Egyptian Universities Network (EUN) Supreme Council of Universities
+.eh 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.email 	generic 	Spring Madison, LLC
+.emerck 	generic 	Merck KGaA
+.energy 	generic 	Binky Birch, LLC
+.engineer 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.engineering 	generic 	Romeo Canyon
+.enterprises 	generic 	Snow Oaks, LLC
+.equipment 	generic 	Corn Station, LLC
+.er 	country-code 	Eritrea Telecommunication Services Corporation (EriTel)
+.es 	country-code 	Red.es
+.esq 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.estate 	generic 	Trixy Park, LLC
+.et 	country-code 	Ethio telecom
+.eu 	country-code 	EURid vzw/asbl
+.eurovision 	generic 	European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
+.eus 	generic 	Puntueus Fundazioa
+.events 	generic 	Pioneer Maple, LLC
+.everbank 	generic 	EverBank
+.exchange 	generic 	Spring Falls, LLC
+.expert 	generic 	Magic Pass, LLC
+.exposed 	generic 	Victor Beach, LLC
+.fail 	generic 	Atomic Pipe, LLC
+.fans 	generic 	Asiamix Digital Limited
+.farm 	generic 	Just Maple, LLC
+.fashion 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.feedback 	generic 	Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
+.fi 	country-code 	Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority
+.finance 	generic 	Cotton Cypress, LLC
+.financial 	generic 	Just Cover, LLC
+.firmdale 	generic 	Firmdale Holdings Limited
+.fish 	generic 	Fox Woods, LLC
+.fishing 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.fit 	generic 	Minds + Machines Group Limited
+.fitness 	generic 	Brice Orchard, LLC
+.fj 	country-code 	The University of the South Pacific IT Services
+.fk 	country-code 	Falkland Islands Government
+.flights 	generic 	Fox Station, LLC
+.florist 	generic 	Half Cypress, LLC
+.flowers 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.flsmidth 	generic 	FLSmidth A/S
+.fly 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.fm 	country-code 	FSM Telecommunications Corporation
+.fo 	country-code 	FO Council
+.foo 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.forsale 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, LLC
+.foundation 	generic 	John Dale, LLC
+.fr 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.frl 	generic 	FRLregistry B.V.
+.frogans 	generic 	OP3FT
+.fund 	generic 	John Castle, LLC
+.furniture 	generic 	Lone Fields, LLC
+.futbol 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
+.ga 	country-code 	Agence Nationale des Infrastructures Numériques et des Fréquences (ANINF)
+.gal 	generic 	Asociación puntoGAL
+.gallery 	generic 	Sugar House, LLC
+.garden 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.gb 	country-code 	Reserved Domain - IANA
+.gbiz 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.gd 	country-code 	The National Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (NTRC)
+.gdn 	generic 	Joint Stock Company "Navigation-information systems"
+.ge 	country-code 	Caucasus Online
+.gent 	generic 	COMBELL GROUP NV/SA
+.gf 	country-code 	Net Plus
+.gg 	country-code 	Island Networks Ltd.
+.ggee 	generic 	GMO Internet, Inc.
+.gh 	country-code 	Network Computer Systems Limited
+.gi 	country-code 	Sapphire Networks
+.gift 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.gifts 	generic 	Goose Sky, LLC
+.gives 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.gl 	country-code 	TELE Greenland A/S
+.glass 	generic 	Black Cover, LLC
+.gle 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.global 	generic 	Dot Global Domain Registry Limited
+.globo 	generic 	Globo Comunicação e Participações S.A
+.gm 	country-code 	GM-NIC
+.gmail 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.gmo 	generic 	GMO Internet, Inc.
+.gmx 	generic 	1&1 Mail & Media GmbH
+.gn 	country-code 	Centre National des Sciences Halieutiques de Boussoura
+.goldpoint 	generic 	YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
+.goog 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.google 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.gop 	generic 	Republican State Leadership Committee, Inc.
+.gov 	sponsored 	General Services Administration Attn: QTDC, 2E08 (.gov Domain Registration)
+.gp 	country-code 	Networking Technologies Group
+.gq 	country-code 	GETESA
+.gr 	country-code 	ICS-FORTH GR
+.graphics 	generic 	Over Madison, LLC
+.gratis 	generic 	Pioneer Tigers, LLC
+.green 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.gripe 	generic 	Corn Sunset, LLC
+.gs 	country-code 	Government of South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (GSGSSI)
+.gt 	country-code 	Universidad del Valle de Guatemala
+.gu 	country-code 	University of Guam Computer Center
+.guide 	generic 	Snow Moon, LLC
+.guitars 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.guru 	generic 	Pioneer Cypress, LLC
+.gw 	country-code 	Autoridade Reguladora Nacional - Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação da Guiné-Bissau
+.gy 	country-code 	University of Guyana
+.hamburg 	generic 	Hamburg Top-Level-Domain GmbH
+.hangout 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.haus 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+.healthcare 	generic 	Silver Glen, LLC
+.help 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.here 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.hermes 	generic 	Hermes International
+.hiphop 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.hiv 	generic 	dotHIV gemeinnuetziger e.V.
+.hk 	country-code 	Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd.
+.hm 	country-code 	HM Domain Registry
+.hn 	country-code 	Red de Desarrollo Sostenible Honduras
+.holdings 	generic 	John Madison, LLC
+.holiday 	generic 	Goose Woods, LLC
+.homes 	generic 	DERHomes, LLC
+.horse 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.host 	generic 	DotHost Inc.
+.hosting 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.house 	generic 	Sugar Park, LLC
+.how 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.hr 	country-code 	CARNet - Croatian Academic and Research Network
+.ht 	country-code 	Consortium FDS/RDDH
+.hu 	country-code 	Council of Hungarian Internet Providers (CHIP)
+.ibm 	generic 	International Business Machines Corporation
+.id 	country-code 	Perkumpulan Pengelola Nama Domain Internet Indonesia (PANDI)
+.ie 	country-code 	University College Dublin Computing Services Computer Centre
+.ifm 	generic 	ifm electronic gmbh
+.il 	country-code 	Internet Society of Israel
+.im 	country-code 	Isle of Man Government
+.immo 	generic 	Auburn Bloom, LLC
+.immobilien 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.in 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.industries 	generic 	Outer House, LLC
+.info 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.ing 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.ink 	generic 	Top Level Design, LLC
+.institute 	generic 	Outer Maple, LLC
+.insure 	generic 	Pioneer Willow, LLC
+.int 	sponsored 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.international 	generic 	Wild Way, LLC
+.investments 	generic 	Holly Glen, LLC
+.io 	country-code 	IO Top Level Domain Registry Cable and Wireless
+.iq 	country-code 	Communications and Media Commission (CMC)
+.ir 	country-code 	Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
+.irish 	generic 	Dot-Irish LLC
+.is 	country-code 	ISNIC - Internet Iceland ltd.
+.it 	country-code 	IIT - CNR
+.iwc 	generic 	Richemont DNS Inc.
+.jcb 	generic 	JCB Co., Ltd.
+.je 	country-code 	Island Networks (Jersey) Ltd.
+.jetzt 	generic 	New TLD Company AB
+.jm 	country-code 	University of West Indies
+.jo 	country-code 	National Information Technology Center (NITC)
+.jobs 	sponsored 	Employ Media LLC
+.joburg 	generic 	ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+.jp 	country-code 	Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
+.juegos 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.kaufen 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.kddi 	generic 	KDDI CORPORATION
+.ke 	country-code 	Kenya Network Information Center (KeNIC)
+.kg 	country-code 	AsiaInfo Telecommunication Enterprise
+.kh 	country-code 	Ministry of Post and Telecommunications
+.ki 	country-code 	Ministry of Communications, Transport, and Tourism Development
+.kim 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.kitchen 	generic 	Just Goodbye, LLC
+.kiwi 	generic 	DOT KIWI LIMITED
+.km 	country-code 	Comores Telecom
+.kn 	country-code 	Ministry of Finance, Sustainable Development Information & Technology
+.koeln 	generic 	NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
+.kp 	country-code 	Star Joint Venture Company
+.kr 	country-code 	Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA)
+.krd 	generic 	KRG Department of Information Technology
+.kred 	generic 	KredTLD Pty Ltd
+.kw 	country-code 	Ministry of Communications
+.ky 	country-code 	The Information and Communications Technology Authority
+.kyoto 	generic 	Academic Institution: Kyoto Jyoho Gakuen
+.kz 	country-code 	Association of IT Companies of Kazakhstan
+.la 	country-code 	Lao National Internet Committee (LANIC), Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
+.lacaixa 	generic 	CAIXA D'ESTALVIS I PENSIONS DE BARCELONA
+.land 	generic 	Pine Moon, LLC
+.lat 	generic 	ECOM-LAC Federación de Latinoamérica y el Caribe para Internet y el Comercio Electrónico
+.latrobe 	generic 	La Trobe University
+.lawyer 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.lb 	country-code 	American University of Beirut Computing and Networking Services
+.lc 	country-code 	University of Puerto Rico
+.lds 	generic 	IRI Domain Management, LLC
+.lease 	generic 	Victor Trail, LLC
+.legal 	generic 	Blue Falls, LLC
+.lgbt 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.li 	country-code 	Universitaet Liechtenstein
+.lidl 	generic 	Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH & Co. KG
+.life 	generic 	Trixy Oaks, LLC
+.lighting 	generic 	John McCook, LLC
+.limited 	generic 	Big Fest, LLC
+.limo 	generic 	Hidden Frostbite, LLC
+.link 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.lk 	country-code 	Council for Information Technology LK Domain Registrar
+.loans 	generic 	June Woods, LLC
+.london 	generic 	Dot London Domains Limited
+.lotte 	generic 	Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd.
+.lotto 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.lr 	country-code 	Data Technology Solutions, Inc.
+.ls 	country-code 	National University of Lesotho
+.lt 	country-code 	Kaunas University of Technology
+.ltda 	generic 	InterNetX Corp.
+.lu 	country-code 	RESTENA
+.luxe 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.luxury 	generic 	Luxury Partners LLC
+.lv 	country-code 	University of Latvia Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science Department of Network Solutions (DNS)
+.ly 	country-code 	General Post and Telecommunication Company
+.ma 	country-code 	Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications (ANRT)
+.madrid 	generic 	Comunidad de Madrid
+.maison 	generic 	Victor Frostbite, LLC
+.management 	generic 	John Goodbye, LLC
+.mango 	generic 	PUNTO FA S.L.
+.market 	generic 	Unitied TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.marketing 	generic 	Fern Pass, LLC
+.marriott 	generic 	Marriott Worldwide Corporation
+.mc 	country-code 	Gouvernement de Monaco Direction des Communications Electroniques
+.md 	country-code 	MoldData S.E.
+.me 	country-code 	Government of Montenegro
+.media 	generic 	Grand Glen, LLC
+.meet 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.melbourne 	generic 	The Crown in right of the State of Victoria, represented by its Department of State Development, Business and Innovation
+.meme 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.memorial 	generic 	Dog Beach, LLC
+.menu 	generic 	Wedding TLD2, LLC
+.mf 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.mg 	country-code 	NIC-MG (Network Information Center Madagascar)
+.mh 	country-code 	Office of the Cabinet
+.miami 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.mil 	sponsored 	DoD Network Information Center
+.mini 	generic 	Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
+.mk 	country-code 	Macedonian Academic Research Network Skopje
+.ml 	country-code 	Agence des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication
+.mm 	country-code 	Ministry of Communications, Posts & Telegraphs
+.mn 	country-code 	Datacom Co., Ltd.
+.mo 	country-code 	Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation (DSRT)
+.mobi 	sponsored 	Afilias Technologies Limited dba dotMobi
+.moda 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.moe 	generic 	Interlink Co., Ltd.
+.monash 	generic 	Monash University
+.money 	generic 	Outer McCook, LLC
+.mormon 	generic 	IRI Domain Management, LLC ("Applicant")
+.mortgage 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.moscow 	generic 	Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
+.motorcycles 	generic 	DERMotorcycles, LLC
+.mov 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.mp 	country-code 	Saipan Datacom, Inc.
+.mq 	country-code 	MEDIASERV
+.mr 	country-code 	Université des Sciences, de Technologie et de Médecine
+.ms 	country-code 	MNI Networks Ltd.
+.mt 	country-code 	NIC (Malta)
+.mu 	country-code 	Internet Direct Ltd
+.museum 	sponsored 	Museum Domain Management Association
+.mv 	country-code 	Dhiraagu Pvt. Ltd. (DHIVEHINET)
+.mw 	country-code 	Malawi Sustainable Development Network Programme (Malawi SDNP)
+.mx 	country-code 	NIC-Mexico ITESM - Campus Monterrey
+.my 	country-code 	MYNIC Berhad
+.mz 	country-code 	Centro de Informatica de Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
+.na 	country-code 	Namibian Network Information Center
+.nagoya 	generic 	GMO Registry, Inc.
+.name 	generic-restricted 	VeriSign Information Services, Inc.
+.navy 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.nc 	country-code 	Office des Postes et Telecommunications
+.ne 	country-code 	SONITEL
+.net 	generic 	VeriSign Global Registry Services
+.network 	generic 	Trixy Manor, LLC
+.neustar 	generic 	NeuStar, Inc.
+.new 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.nexus 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.nf 	country-code 	Norfolk Island Data Services
+.ng 	country-code 	Nigeria Internet Registration Association
+.ngo 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.nhk 	generic 	Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)
+.ni 	country-code 	Universidad Nacional del Ingernieria Centro de Computo
+.nico 	generic 	DWANGO Co., Ltd.
+.ninja 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.nl 	country-code 	SIDN (Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland)
+.no 	country-code 	UNINETT Norid A/S
+.np 	country-code 	Mercantile Communications Pvt. Ltd.
+.nr 	country-code 	CENPAC NET
+.nra 	generic 	NRA Holdings Company, INC.
+.nrw 	generic 	Minds + Machines GmbH
+.ntt 	generic 	NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CORPORATION
+.nu 	country-code 	The IUSN Foundation
+.nyc 	generic 	The City of New York by and through the New York City Department of Information Technology & Telecommunications
+.nz 	country-code 	InternetNZ
+.okinawa 	generic 	BusinessRalliart inc.
+.om 	country-code 	Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+.one 	generic 	One.com A/S
+.ong 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.onl 	generic 	I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
+.ooo 	generic 	INFIBEAM INCORPORATION LIMITED
+.org 	generic 	Public Interest Registry (PIR)
+.organic 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.osaka 	generic 	Interlink Co., Ltd.
+.otsuka 	generic 	Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd.
+.ovh 	generic 	OVH SAS
+.pa 	country-code 	Universidad Tecnologica de Panama
+.paris 	generic 	City of Paris
+.partners 	generic 	Magic Glen, LLC
+.parts 	generic 	Sea Goodbye, LLC
+.party 	generic 	Blue Sky Registry Limited
+.pe 	country-code 	Red Cientifica Peruana
+.pf 	country-code 	Gouvernement de la Polynésie française
+.pg 	country-code 	PNG DNS Administration Vice Chancellors Office The Papua New Guinea University of Technology
+.ph 	country-code 	PH Domain Foundation
+.pharmacy 	generic 	National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
+.photo 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.photography 	generic 	Sugar Glen, LLC
+.photos 	generic 	Sea Corner, LLC
+.physio 	generic 	PhysBiz Pty Ltd
+.pics 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.pictures 	generic 	Foggy Sky, LLC
+.pink 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.pizza 	generic 	Foggy Moon, LLC
+.pk 	country-code 	PKNIC
+.pl 	country-code 	Research and Academic Computer Network
+.place 	generic 	Snow Galley, LLC
+.plumbing 	generic 	Spring Tigers, LLC
+.pm 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.pn 	country-code 	Pitcairn Island Administration
+.pohl 	generic 	Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+.poker 	generic 	Afilias Domains No. 5 Limited
+.porn 	generic 	ICM Registry PN LLC
+.post 	sponsored 	Universal Postal Union
+.pr 	country-code 	Gauss Research Laboratory Inc.
+.praxi 	generic 	Praxi S.p.A.
+.press 	generic 	DotPress Inc.
+.pro 	generic-restricted 	Registry Services Corporation dba RegistryPro
+.prod 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.productions 	generic 	Magic Birch, LLC
+.prof 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.properties 	generic 	Big Pass, LLC
+.property 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.ps 	country-code 	Ministry Of Telecommunications & Information Technology, Government Computer Center.
+.pt 	country-code 	Associação DNS.PT
+.pub 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.pw 	country-code 	Micronesia Investment and Development Corporation
+.py 	country-code 	NIC-PY
+.qa 	country-code 	Communications Regulatory Authority
+.qpon 	generic 	dotCOOL, Inc.
+.quebec 	generic 	PointQuébec Inc
+.re 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.realtor 	generic 	Real Estate Domains LLC
+.recipes 	generic 	Grand Island, LLC
+.red 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.rehab 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.reise 	generic 	dotreise GmbH
+.reisen 	generic 	New Cypress, LLC
+.reit 	generic 	National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc.
+.ren 	generic 	Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd.
+.rentals 	generic 	Big Hollow,LLC
+.repair 	generic 	Lone Sunset, LLC
+.report 	generic 	Binky Glen, LLC
+.republican 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.rest 	generic 	Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
+.restaurant 	generic 	Snow Avenue, LLC
+.reviews 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
+.rich 	generic 	I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
+.rio 	generic 	Empresa Municipal de Informática SA - IPLANRIO
+.rip 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.ro 	country-code 	National Institute for R&D in Informatics
+.rocks 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+.rodeo 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.rs 	country-code 	Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS)
+.rsvp 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.ru 	country-code 	Coordination Center for TLD RU
+.ruhr 	generic 	regiodot GmbH & Co. KG
+.rw 	country-code 	Rwanda Information Communication and Technology Association (RICTA)
+.ryukyu 	generic 	BusinessRalliart inc.
+.sa 	country-code 	Communications and Information Technology Commission
+.saarland 	generic 	dotSaarland GmbH
+.sale 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.samsung 	generic 	SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
+.sarl 	generic 	Delta Orchard, LLC
+.saxo 	generic 	Saxo Bank A/S
+.sb 	country-code 	Solomon Telekom Company Limited
+.sc 	country-code 	VCS Pty Ltd
+.sca 	generic 	SVENSKA CELLULOSA AKTIEBOLAGET SCA (publ)
+.scb 	generic 	The Siam Commercial Bank Public Company Limited ("SCB")
+.schmidt 	generic 	SALM S.A.S.
+.schule 	generic 	Outer Moon, LLC
+.schwarz 	generic 	Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH & Co. KG
+.science 	generic 	dot Science Limited
+.scot 	generic 	Dot Scot Registry Limited
+.sd 	country-code 	Sudan Internet Society
+.se 	country-code 	The Internet Infrastructure Foundation
+.services 	generic 	Fox Castle, LLC
+.sew 	generic 	SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH & Co KG
+.sexy 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.sg 	country-code 	Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
+.sh 	country-code 	Government of St. Helena
+.shiksha 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.shoes 	generic 	Binky Galley, LLC
+.shriram 	generic 	Shriram Capital Ltd.
+.si 	country-code 	Academic and Research Network of Slovenia (ARNES)
+.singles 	generic 	Fern Madison, LLC
+.sj 	country-code 	UNINETT Norid A/S
+.sk 	country-code 	SK-NIC, a.s.
+.sky 	generic 	Sky IP International Ltd, a company incorporated in England and Wales, operating via its registered Swiss branch
+.sl 	country-code 	Sierratel
+.sm 	country-code 	Telecom Italia San Marino S.p.A.
+.sn 	country-code 	Universite Cheikh Anta Diop NIC Senegal
+.so 	country-code 	Ministry of Post and Telecommunications
+.social 	generic 	United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+.software 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.sohu 	generic 	Sohu.com Limited
+.solar 	generic 	Ruby Town, LLC
+.solutions 	generic 	Silver Cover, LLC
+.soy 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.space 	generic 	DotSpace Inc.
+.spiegel 	generic 	SPIEGEL-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH & Co. KG
+.sr 	country-code 	Telesur
+.ss 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.st 	country-code 	Tecnisys
+.style 	generic 	Binky Moon, LLC
+.su 	country-code 	Russian Institute for Development of Public Networks (ROSNIIROS)
+.supplies 	generic 	Atomic Fields, LLC
+.supply 	generic 	Half Falls, LLC
+.support 	generic 	Grand Orchard, LLC
+.surf 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.surgery 	generic 	Tin Avenue, LLC
+.suzuki 	generic 	SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION
+.sv 	country-code 	SVNet
+.sx 	country-code 	SX Registry SA B.V.
+.sy 	country-code 	National Agency for Network Services (NANS)
+.sydney 	generic 	State of New South Wales, Department of Premier and Cabinet
+.systems 	generic 	Dash Cypress, LLC
+.sz 	country-code 	University of Swaziland Department of Computer Science
+.taipei 	generic 	Taipei City Government
+.tatar 	generic 	Limited Liability Company "Coordination Center of Regional Domain of Tatarstan Republic"
+.tattoo 	generic 	Uniregistry, Corp.
+.tax 	generic 	Storm Orchard, LLC
+.tc 	country-code 	Melrex TC
+.td 	country-code 	Société des télécommunications du Tchad (SOTEL TCHAD)
+.technology 	generic 	Auburn Falls, LLC
+.tel 	sponsored 	Telnic Ltd.
+.temasek 	generic 	Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
+.tennis 	generic 	Cotton Bloom, LLC
+.tf 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.tg 	country-code 	Cafe Informatique et Telecommunications
+.th 	country-code 	Thai Network Information Center Foundation
+.tienda 	generic 	Victor Manor, LLC
+.tips 	generic 	Corn Willow, LLC
+.tires 	generic 	Dog Edge, LLC
+.tirol 	generic 	punkt Tirol GmbH
+.tj 	country-code 	Information Technology Center
+.tk 	country-code 	Telecommunication Tokelau Corporation (Teletok)
+.tl 	country-code 	Ministry of Transport and Communications; National Division of Information and Technology
+.tm 	country-code 	TM Domain Registry Ltd
+.tn 	country-code 	Agence Tunisienne d'Internet
+.to 	country-code 	Government of the Kingdom of Tonga H.R.H. Crown Prince Tupouto'a c/o Consulate of Tonga
+.today 	generic 	Pearl Woods, LLC
+.tokyo 	generic 	GMO Registry, Inc.
+.tools 	generic 	Pioneer North, LLC
+.top 	generic 	Jiangsu Bangning Science & Technology Co.,Ltd.
+.toshiba 	generic 	TOSHIBA Corporation
+.town 	generic 	Koko Moon, LLC
+.toys 	generic 	Pioneer Orchard, LLC
+.tp 	country-code 	-
+.tr 	country-code 	Middle East Technical University Department of Computer Engineering
+.trade 	generic 	Elite Registry Limited
+.training 	generic 	Wild Willow, LLC
+.travel 	sponsored 	Tralliance Registry Management Company, LLC.
+.trust 	generic 	Artemis Internet Inc
+.tt 	country-code 	University of the West Indies Faculty of Engineering
+.tui 	generic 	TUI AG
+.tv 	country-code 	Ministry of Finance and Tourism
+.tw 	country-code 	Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
+.tz 	country-code 	Tanzania Network Information Centre (tzNIC)
+.ua 	country-code 	Hostmaster Ltd.
+.ug 	country-code 	Uganda Online Ltd.
+.uk 	country-code 	Nominet UK
+.um 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.university 	generic 	Little Station, LLC
+.uno 	generic 	Dot Latin LLC
+.uol 	generic 	UBN INTERNET LTDA.
+.us 	country-code 	NeuStar, Inc.
+.uy 	country-code 	SeCIU - Universidad de la Republica
+.uz 	country-code 	Computerization and Information Technologies Developing Center UZINFOCOM
+.va 	country-code 	Holy See Secretariat of State Department of Telecommunications
+.vacations 	generic 	Atomic Tigers, LLC
+.vc 	country-code 	Ministry of Telecommunications, Science, Technology and Industry
+.ve 	country-code 	Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL)
+.vegas 	generic 	Dot Vegas, Inc.
+.ventures 	generic 	Binky Lake, LLC
+.versicherung 	generic 	dotversicherung-registry GmbH
+.vet 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.vg 	country-code 	Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of the Virgin Islands
+.vi 	country-code 	Virgin Islands Public Telcommunications System c/o COBEX Internet Services
+.viajes 	generic 	Black Madison, LLC
+.video 	generic 	United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+.villas 	generic 	New Sky, LLC
+.vision 	generic 	Koko Station, LLC
+.vlaanderen 	generic 	DNS.be vzw
+.vn 	country-code 	Ministry of Information and Communications of Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
+.vodka 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.vote 	generic 	Monolith Registry LLC
+.voting 	generic 	Valuetainment Corp.
+.voto 	generic 	Monolith Registry LLC
+.voyage 	generic 	Ruby House, LLC
+.vu 	country-code 	Telecom Vanuatu Limited
+.wales 	generic 	Nominet UK
+.wang 	generic 	Zodiac Registry Limited
+.watch 	generic 	Sand Shadow, LLC
+.webcam 	generic 	dot Webcam Limited
+.website 	generic 	DotWebsite Inc.
+.wed 	generic 	Atgron, Inc.
+.wedding 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.wf 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.whoswho 	generic 	Who's Who Registry
+.wien 	generic 	punkt.wien GmbH
+.wiki 	generic 	Top Level Design, LLC
+.williamhill 	generic 	William Hill Organization Limited
+.wme 	generic 	William Morris Endeavor Entertainment, LLC
+.work 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.works 	generic 	Little Dynamite, LLC
+.world 	generic 	Bitter Fields, LLC
+.ws 	country-code 	Government of Samoa Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade
+.wtc 	generic 	World Trade Centers Association, Inc.
+.wtf 	generic 	Hidden Way, LLC
+.测试 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.परीक्षा 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.佛山 	generic 	Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
+.集团 	generic 	Eagle Horizon Limited
+.在线 	generic 	TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
+.한국 	country-code 	KISA (Korea Internet & Security Agency)
+.ভারত 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.八卦 	generic 	Zodiac Scorpio Limited
+.موقع 	generic 	Suhub Electronic Establishment
+.বাংলা 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.公益 	generic 	China Organizational Name Administration Center
+.公司 	generic 	Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
+.移动 	generic 	Afilias Limited
+.我爱你 	generic 	Tycoon Treasure Limited
+.москва 	generic 	Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
+.испытание 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.қаз 	country-code 	Association of IT Companies of Kazakhstan
+.онлайн 	generic 	CORE Association
+.сайт 	generic 	CORE Association
+.срб 	country-code 	Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS)
+.бел 	country-code 	Reliable Software Inc.
+.테스트 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.淡马锡 	generic 	Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
+.орг 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.삼성 	generic 	SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
+.சிங்கப்பூர் 	country-code 	Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
+.商标 	generic 	HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES(HOLDING) COMPANY.HONGKONG LIMITED
+.商店 	generic 	Wild Island, LLC
+.商城 	generic 	Zodiac Aquarius Limited
+.дети 	generic 	The Foundation for Network Initiatives “The Smart Internet”
+.мкд 	country-code 	Macedonian Academic Research Network Skopje
+.טעסט 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.中文网 	generic 	TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
+.中信 	generic 	CITIC Group Corporation
+.中国 	country-code 	China Internet Network Information Center
+.中國 	country-code 	China Internet Network Information Center
+.谷歌 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.భారత్ 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.ලංකා 	country-code 	LK Domain Registry
+.測試 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.ભારત 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.भारत 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.آزمایشی 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.பரிட்சை 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.网店 	generic 	Zodiac Libra Limited
+.संगठन 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.网络 	generic 	Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
+.укр 	country-code 	Ukrainian Network Information Centre (UANIC), Inc.
+.香港 	country-code 	Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd.
+.δοκιμή 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.إختبار 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.台湾 	country-code 	Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
+.台灣 	country-code 	Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
+.手机 	generic 	Beijing RITT-Net Technology Development Co., Ltd
+.мон 	country-code 	Datacom Co.,Ltd
+.الجزائر 	country-code 	CERIST
+.عمان 	country-code 	Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+.ایران 	country-code 	Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
+.امارات 	country-code 	Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+.بازار 	generic 	CORE Association
+.پاکستان 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.الاردن 	country-code 	National Information Technology Center (NITC)
+.بھارت 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.المغرب 	country-code 	Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications (ANRT)
+.السعودية 	country-code 	Communications and Information Technology Commission
+.سودان 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.عراق 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.مليسيا 	country-code 	MYNIC Berhad
+.شبكة 	generic 	International Domain Registry Pty. Ltd.
+.გე 	country-code 	Information Technologies Development Center (ITDC)
+.机构 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.组织机构 	generic 	Public Interest Registry
+.ไทย 	country-code 	Thai Network Information Center Foundation
+.سورية 	country-code 	National Agency for Network Services (NANS)
+.рус 	generic 	Rusnames Limited
+.рф 	country-code 	Coordination Center for TLD RU
+.تونس 	country-code 	Agence Tunisienne d'Internet
+.みんな 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.グーグル 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.世界 	generic 	Stable Tone Limited
+.ਭਾਰਤ 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.网址 	generic 	KNET Co., Ltd
+.游戏 	generic 	Spring Fields, LLC
+.vermögensberater 	generic 	Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+.vermögensberatung 	generic 	Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+.企业 	generic 	Dash McCook, LLC
+.مصر 	country-code 	National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority - NTRA
+.قطر 	country-code 	Communications Regulatory Authority
+.广东 	generic 	Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
+.இலங்கை 	country-code 	LK Domain Registry
+.இந்தியா 	country-code 	National Internet Exchange of India
+.հայ 	country-code 	Not assigned
+.新加坡 	country-code 	Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
+.فلسطين 	country-code 	Ministry of Telecom & Information Technology (MTIT)
+.テスト 	test 	Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+.政务 	generic 	China Organizational Name Administration Center
+.xxx 	sponsored 	ICM Registry LLC
+.xyz 	generic 	XYZ.COM LLC
+.yachts 	generic 	DERYachts, LLC
+.yandex 	generic 	YANDEX, LLC
+.ye 	country-code 	TeleYemen
+.yodobashi 	generic 	YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
+.yoga 	generic 	Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+.yokohama 	generic 	GMO Registry, Inc.
+.youtube 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.yt 	country-code 	Association Française pour le Nommage Internet en Coopération (A.F.N.I.C.)
+.za 	country-code 	ZA Domain Name Authority
+.zip 	generic 	Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+.zm 	country-code 	Zambia Information and Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA)
+.zone 	generic 	Outer Falls, LLC
+.zuerich 	generic 	Kanton Zürich (Canton of Zurich)
+.zw 	country-code 	Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ)
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/vaurien_delay.sh
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/vaurien_delay.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+vaurien --protocol http --proxy localhost:8000 --backend localhost:8080 \
+        --behavior 100:delay --behavior-delay-sleep 1
--- a/attic/concurrency/flags/vaurien_error_delay.sh
+++ b/attic/concurrency/flags/vaurien_error_delay.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+vaurien --protocol http --proxy localhost:8000 --backend localhost:8080 \
+        --behavior 50:error,50:delay --behavior-delay-sleep .5
--- a/attic/concurrency/parallel/lelo_ex.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/parallel/lelo_ex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import os
+from time import sleep, time
+
+from lelo import parallel
+
+DELAY = .2
+
+@parallel
+def loiter(serial, delay):
+    pid = os.getpid()
+    print('%2d pid = %d' % (serial, pid))
+    sleep(delay)
+    return pid
+
+t0 = time()
+
+results = []
+for i in range(15):
+    res = loiter(i, DELAY)
+    results.append(res)
+
+print('Processes used: ', list(set(results)))
+
+print('### Elapsed time: %0.2f' % (time() - t0))
--- a/attic/concurrency/parallel/llize.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/parallel/llize.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import os
+from parallelize import parallelize
+from time import sleep, time
+
+print('one process:')
+t0 = time()
+for i in range(12):
+    print('%2d pid = %d' % (i, os.getpid()))
+    sleep(.2)
+print('elapsed time: %0.2f' % (time() - t0))
+
+print()
+
+print('several processes:')
+t0 = time()
+for i in parallelize(range(12)):
+    print('%2d pid = %d' % (i, os.getpid()))
+    sleep(.2)
+print('elapsed time: %0.2f' % (time() - t0))
--- a/attic/concurrency/parallel/llize_ex.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/parallel/llize_ex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import os
+from time import sleep, time
+
+from parallelize import parallelize, per_item
+
+DELAY = .2
+
+def loiter(serial, delay):
+    pid = os.getpid()
+    print('%2d pid = %d' % (serial, pid))
+    sleep(delay)
+    return pid
+
+t0 = time()
+
+results = []
+for i in parallelize(range(15), fork=per_item):
+    res = loiter(i, DELAY)
+    results.append(res)
+
+print('Processes used: ', list(set(results)))
+
+print('### Elapsed time: %0.2f' % (time() - t0))
--- a/attic/concurrency/spinner_asyncio.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/spinner_asyncio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# spinner_asyncio.py
+
+# credits: Example by Luciano Ramalho inspired by
+# Michele Simionato's multiprocessing example
+# source:
+# http://python-3-patterns-idioms-test.readthedocs.org/en/latest/CoroutinesAndConcurrency.html
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+
+DELAY = 0.1
+DISPLAY = '|/-\\'
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def spinner_func(before='', after=''):
+    write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush
+    while True:
+        for char in DISPLAY:
+            msg = '{} {} {}'.format(before, char, after)
+            write(msg)
+            flush()
+            write('\x08' * len(msg))
+            try:
+                yield from asyncio.sleep(DELAY)
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                return
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def long_computation(delay):
+    # emulate a long computation
+    yield from asyncio.sleep(delay)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    spinner = loop.create_task(spinner_func('Please wait...', 'thinking!'))
+    long_task = loop.create_task(long_computation(3))
+    long_task.add_done_callback(lambda f: spinner.cancel())
+    loop.run_until_complete(spinner)
+    loop.close()
+
--- a/attic/concurrency/spinner_asyncio2.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/spinner_asyncio2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# spinner_asyncio2.py
+
+# credits: Example by Luciano Ramalho inspired by
+# Michele Simionato's multiprocessing example
+# source:
+# http://python-3-patterns-idioms-test.readthedocs.org/en/latest/CoroutinesAndConcurrency.html
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+
+DELAY = 0.1
+DISPLAY = '|/-\\'
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def spinner_func(before='', after=''):
+    write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush
+    while True:
+        for char in DISPLAY:
+            msg = '{} {} {}'.format(before, char, after)
+            write(msg)
+            flush()
+            write('\x08' * len(msg))
+            try:
+                yield from asyncio.sleep(DELAY)
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                return
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def long_computation(delay):
+    # emulate a long computation
+    yield from asyncio.sleep(delay)
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def supervisor(delay):
+    spinner = loop.create_task(spinner_func('Please wait...', 'thinking!'))
+    yield from long_computation(delay)
+    spinner.cancel()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(supervisor(3))
+    loop.close()
+
--- a/attic/concurrency/spinner_proc.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/spinner_proc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# spinner_proc.py
+# credit: Example by Michele Simionato in comp lang python.
+# source:
+# http://python-3-patterns-idioms-test.readthedocs.org/en/latest/CoroutinesAndConcurrency.html
+
+import sys
+import time
+import multiprocessing
+
+DELAY = 0.1
+DISPLAY = '|/-\\'
+
+
+def spinner_func(before='', after=''):
+    write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush
+    while True:
+        for char in DISPLAY:
+            msg = '{} {} {}'.format(before, char, after)
+            write(msg)
+            flush()
+            write('\x08' * len(msg))
+            time.sleep(DELAY)
+
+
+def long_computation():
+    # emulate a long computation
+    time.sleep(3)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    spinner = multiprocessing.Process(
+        None, spinner_func, args=('Please wait ... ', ' thinking!'))
+    spinner.start()
+
+    try:
+        long_computation()
+        print('\nComputation done')
+    finally:
+        spinner.terminate()
--- a/attic/concurrency/spinner_thread.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/spinner_thread.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# spinner_thread.py
+# adapted from spinner_proc.py to use threads
+
+import sys
+import time
+import threading
+
+DELAY = 0.1
+DISPLAY = '|/-\\'
+
+
+def spinner_func(before='', after=''):
+    write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush
+    while True:
+        for char in DISPLAY:
+            msg = '{} {} {}'.format(before, char, after)
+            write(msg)
+            flush()
+            write('\x08' * len(msg))
+            time.sleep(DELAY)
+
+
+def long_computation():
+    # emulate a long computation
+    time.sleep(3)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    spinner = threading.Thread(
+        None, spinner_func, args=('Please wait...', 'thinking!'))
+    spinner.daemon = True
+    spinner.start()
+
+    long_computation()
+    print('\nComputation done')
--- a/attic/concurrency/timer.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/timer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import asyncio
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def show_remaining():
+    for remaining in range(5, 0, -1):
+        print('Remaining: ', remaining)
+        yield from asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+def main():
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    try:
+        loop.run_until_complete(show_remaining())
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/timer2.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/timer2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import contextlib
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def show_remaining(dots_task):
+    remaining = 5
+    while remaining:
+        print('Remaining: ', remaining)
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        yield from asyncio.sleep(1)
+        remaining -= 1
+    dots_task.cancel()
+    print()
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def dots():
+    while True:
+        print('.', sep='', end='')
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        yield from asyncio.sleep(.1)
+
+def main():
+    with contextlib.closing(asyncio.get_event_loop()) as loop:
+        dots_task = asyncio.Task(dots())
+        coros = [show_remaining(dots_task), dots_task]
+        loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(coros))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/timer_cb.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/timer_cb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import asyncio
+
+def show_remaining(loop):
+    if not hasattr(show_remaining, 'remaining'):
+        show_remaining.remaining = 5
+
+    print('Remaining: ', show_remaining.remaining)
+    show_remaining.remaining -= 1
+    if show_remaining.remaining:
+        loop.call_later(1, show_remaining, loop)
+    else:
+        loop.stop()
+
+def main():
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    try:
+        loop.call_soon(show_remaining, loop)
+        loop.run_forever()
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/timer_clo.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/timer_clo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import sys
+import asyncio
+
+def make_show_remaining(seconds):
+    remaining = seconds
+
+    def show_remaining(loop):
+        nonlocal remaining
+        print('Remaining: ', remaining)
+        remaining -= 1
+        if remaining:
+            loop.call_later(1, show_remaining, loop)
+        else:
+            loop.stop()
+
+    return show_remaining
+    
+    
+def main(seconds=5):
+    seconds = int(seconds)
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    try:
+        loop.call_soon(make_show_remaining(seconds), loop)
+        loop.run_forever()
+    finally:
+        loop.close()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(*sys.argv[1:])
--- a/attic/concurrency/timer_seq.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/timer_seq.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import time
+
+def main():
+    for remaining in range(5, 0, -1):
+	    print('Remaining: ', remaining) 
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/README.rst
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+====================================
+Configuring a local test environment
+====================================
+
+tl;dr;
+======
+
+This text explains how to configure **nginx** and **vaurien** to build
+a local mirror of the data to run the Wikipedia Picture of the Day
+examples while avoiding network traffic and introducing controlled
+delays and errors for testing, thanks to the **vaurien** proxy.
+
+
+Rationale and overview
+======================
+
+The Wikipedia Picture of the Day examples are designed to demonstrate
+the performance of different approaches to finding and downloading
+images from the Wikipedia. However, we don't want to hit the Wikipedia
+with multiple requests per second while testing, and we want to be
+able to simulate high latency and random network errors.
+
+For this setup I chose **nginx** as the HTTP server because it is very
+fast and easy to configure, and the **vaurien** proxy because it was
+designed by Mozilla to introduce delays and network errors for testing.
+
+The initial fixture data, ``docroot.zip``, contains a directory
+``docroot/Template-POTD/`` with 1096 small text files, each consisting
+of an HTML fragment (just a ``src="..."`` attribute) or an error message
+(for days when no picture was published, like 2013-09-12). These files
+correspond to every day of the years 2012, 2013 and 2014. The year 2012
+was a leap year, that's why there are 1096 files and not 1095.
+
+Once these files are unpacked to the ``docroot/Template-POTD`` directory
+and **nginx** is configured, the ``build_fixture.py`` script can fetch the
+actual images from the Wikipedia for local storage in the directory
+``docroot/wikimedia/``.
+
+When that is done you can configure **nginx** and **vaurien** to experiment
+with the ``daypicts*.py``examples without hitting the network.
+
+
+Instructions
+============
+
+1. Unpack test data
+-------------------
+
+Unpack the initial data in the ``fixture/`` directory and verify that 1096
+files were created in ``fixture/docroot/Template-POTD/``::
+
+    $ ls  # inside the fixture/ directory
+    README.rst  docroot.zip
+    $ unzip docroot.zip
+    ... many lines omitted...
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-29
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-30
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-31
+    $ ls docroot/Template-POTD/ | wc -w
+    1096
+
+
+2. Install **nginx**
+--------------------
+
+Download and install **nginx**. I used version 1.6.2 -- the latest
+stable version as I write this.
+
+- Download page: http://nginx.org/en/download.html
+
+- Beginner's guide: http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html
+
+
+3. Configure **nginx**
+----------------------
+
+Edit the the ``nginx.conf`` file to set the port and document root.
+The file is usually found in ``/usr/local/nginx/conf``, ``/etc/nginx``,
+or ``/usr/local/etc/nginx``.
+
+Most of the content in ``nginx.conf`` is within a block labeled ``http``
+and enclosed in curly braces. Within that block there can be multiple
+blocks labeled ``server``. Add another ``server`` block like this one::
+
+    server {
+        listen       8001;
+
+        location / {
+            root   /full-path-to.../fixture/docroot;
+        }
+    }
+
+After editing ``nginx.conf`` the server must be started (if it's not
+running) or told to reload the configuration file::
+
+    $ nginx  # to start, if necessary
+    $ nginx -s reload  # to reload the configuration
+
+To test the configuration, open the URL below in a browser. Doing so
+will download a small file named ``2014-01-01`` with an HTML fragment::
+
+    http://localhost:8001/Template-POTD/2014-01-01
+
+If the test fails, please double check the procedure just described and
+refer to the **nginx** documentation.
+
+
+Platform-specific instructions
+==============================
+
+Nginx setup on Mac OS X
+-----------------------
+
+Homebrew (copy & paste code at the bottom of http://brew.sh/)::
+
+  $ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
+  $ brew doctor
+  $ brew install nginx
+
+Download and unpack::
+
+Docroot is: /usr/local/var/www
+/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
+
+To have launchd start nginx at login:
+    ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/nginx/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
+Then to load nginx now:
+    launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist
+Or, if you don't want/need launchctl, you can just run:
+    nginx
+
+
+
+Nginx setup on Lubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
+----------------------------------
+
+Docroot is: /usr/share/nginx/html
+
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/build_fixture.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/build_fixture.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import sys
+import argparse
+import os
+import urllib
+
+import requests
+
+from daypicts import get_picture_url, get_picture_urls
+from daypicts import validate_date, gen_dates, picture_type
+from daypicts import NoPictureForDate
+from daypicts import REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL, PICT_EXCEPTIONS
+
+FIXTURE_DOC_DIR = 'fixture/docroot/'
+FIXTURE_TEMPLATE_POTD_DIR = FIXTURE_DOC_DIR + 'Template-POTD/'
+
+def parse_args(argv):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=main.__doc__)
+    date_help = 'YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM or YYYY: year, month and day'
+    parser.add_argument('date', help=date_help)
+    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url_only', action='store_true',
+                        help='get picture URLS only')
+
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+    try:
+        iso_parts = validate_date(args.date)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        print('error:', exc.args[0])
+        parser.print_usage()
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    dates = list(gen_dates(iso_parts))
+    if len(dates) == 1:
+        print('-> Date: ', dates[0])
+    else:
+        fmt = '-> {} days: {}...{}'
+        print(fmt.format(len(dates), dates[0], dates[-1]))
+
+    return dates, args
+
+
+def save_picture_urls(dates, save_path):
+    for date in dates:
+        try:
+            url = get_picture_url(date)
+        except NoPictureForDate as exc:
+            snippet = repr(exc)
+        else:
+            snippet = url.replace('http://', 'src="//') + '"'
+        print(date, end=' ')
+        print(snippet)
+        with open(os.path.join(save_path, date), 'w') as fp:
+            fp.write(snippet)
+
+
+def save_pictures(dates, save_path, verbose=False):
+    urls_ok = []
+    for date, url in get_picture_urls(dates, verbose):
+        response = requests.get(url)
+        file_path = os.path.join(save_path,
+                                 url.replace(REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL, ''))
+        file_path = urllib.parse.unquote(file_path)
+        octets = response.content
+        # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2013-06-15
+
+        if date not in PICT_EXCEPTIONS:
+            assert picture_type(octets) is not None, url
+
+        try:
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(file_path))
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+        with open(file_path, 'wb') as fp:
+            fp.write(octets)
+
+        print(file_path)
+    return urls_ok
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    """Build test fixture from Wikipedia "POTD" data"""
+
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(FIXTURE_TEMPLATE_POTD_DIR)
+    except FileExistsError:
+        pass
+
+    dates, args = parse_args(argv)
+
+    if args.url_only:
+        save_picture_urls(dates, FIXTURE_TEMPLATE_POTD_DIR)
+    else:
+        save_pictures(dates, FIXTURE_DOC_DIR)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(sys.argv[1:])
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Note:
+The earliest Pictures of the Day I've found are in this page:
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Picture_of_the_day/May_2004
+
+However, I have not found Template:POTD/YYYY-MM-DD pages earlier
+than this:
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2007-01-01
+
+For simplicity, this script only retrieves pictures starting
+from 2007-01-01.
+
+"""
+import sys
+import argparse
+import re
+import time
+import datetime
+import os
+import imghdr
+import warnings
+
+import requests
+
+SAVE_DIR = 'downloaded/'
+
+HTTP_PORT = 8002
+POTD_BASE_URL = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/'
+#POTD_BASE_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:{}/Template-POTD/'.format(HTTP_PORT)
+
+REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL = 'http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/'
+#LOCAL_PICT_BASE_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:{}/'.format(HTTP_PORT)
+LOCAL_PICT_BASE_URL = REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL
+PICT_BASE_URL = REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL
+
+POTD_IMAGE_RE = re.compile(r'src="(//upload\..*?)"')
+PODT_EARLIEST_TEMPLATE = '2007-01-01'
+
+RE_YEAR = r'([12]\d{3})'
+RE_MONTH = RE_YEAR + r'-([01]\d)'
+RE_DATE = RE_MONTH + r'-([0-3]\d)'
+ISO_DATE_FMT = '%Y-%m-%d'
+
+PICT_EXCEPTIONS = {
+        '2013-06-15', # .webm movie [1]
+    }
+
+#[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2013-06-15
+
+class NoPictureForDate(Exception):
+    '''No Picture of the Day found for {iso_date}'''
+
+
+class NoPictureTemplateBefore(ValueError):
+    '''Template:POTD did not exist before PODT_EARLIEST_TEMPLATE'''
+
+
+def get_picture_url(iso_date):
+    page_url = POTD_BASE_URL + iso_date
+    print(page_url)
+    response = requests.get(page_url)
+    pict_url = POTD_IMAGE_RE.search(response.text)
+    if pict_url is None:
+        raise NoPictureForDate(iso_date)
+    return 'http:' + pict_url.group(1)
+
+
+def validate_date(text):
+    try:
+        parts = [int(part) for part in text.split('-')]
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ValueError('date must use YYYY, YYYY-MM or YYYY-MM-DD format')
+
+    test_parts = parts[:]
+    while len(test_parts) < 3:
+        test_parts.append(1)
+    date = datetime.date(*(int(part) for part in test_parts))
+    iso_date = date.strftime(ISO_DATE_FMT)
+    iso_date = iso_date[:1+len(parts)*3]
+    if iso_date < PODT_EARLIEST_TEMPLATE:
+        raise NoPictureTemplateBefore(PODT_EARLIEST_TEMPLATE)
+    return iso_date
+
+
+def gen_month_dates(iso_month):
+    first = datetime.datetime.strptime(iso_month+'-01', ISO_DATE_FMT)
+    one_day = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
+    date = first.date()
+    while date.month == first.month:
+        yield date.strftime(ISO_DATE_FMT)
+        date += one_day
+
+
+def gen_year_dates(iso_year):
+    for i in range(1, 13):
+        yield from gen_month_dates(iso_year + '-{:02d}'.format(i))
+
+
+def gen_dates(iso_parts):
+    if len(iso_parts) == 4:
+        yield from gen_year_dates(iso_parts)
+    elif len(iso_parts) == 7:
+        yield from gen_month_dates(iso_parts)
+    else:
+        yield iso_parts
+
+
+def get_picture_urls(dates, verbose=False):
+    date_urls = []
+    count = 0
+    for date in dates:
+        try:
+            url = get_picture_url(date)
+        except NoPictureForDate as exc:
+            if verbose:
+                print('*** {!r} ***'.format(exc))
+            continue
+        count += 1
+        if verbose:
+            print(format(count, '3d'), end=' ')
+            print(url.split('/')[-1])
+        else:
+            print(url)
+        date_urls.append((date, url))
+    return date_urls
+
+
+def picture_type(octets):
+    pict_type = imghdr.what(None, octets)
+    if pict_type is None:
+        if (octets.startswith(b'<') and
+                b'<svg' in octets[:200] and
+                octets.rstrip().endswith(b'</svg>')):
+            pict_type = 'svg'
+    return pict_type
+
+
+def get_pictures(dates, verbose=False):
+    urls_ok = []
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(SAVE_DIR)
+    except FileExistsError:
+        pass
+    for date, url in get_picture_urls(dates, verbose):
+        if PICT_BASE_URL == LOCAL_PICT_BASE_URL:
+            url = url.replace(REMOTE_PICT_BASE_URL, PICT_BASE_URL)
+        response = requests.get(url)
+        if response.status_code != 200:
+            warnings.warn('HTTP code {}: {}'.format(response.status_code, url))
+            continue
+        octets = response.content
+        if date not in PICT_EXCEPTIONS:
+            assert picture_type(octets) is not None, url
+        file_path = url.replace(PICT_BASE_URL, '')
+        file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)
+        path = os.path.join(SAVE_DIR, date.split('-')[0])
+        file_path = os.path.join(path, file_name)
+        #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+        try:
+            os.makedirs(path)
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+        with open(file_path, 'wb') as fp:
+            fp.write(octets)
+        urls_ok.append(url)
+        print(file_path)
+    return urls_ok
+
+
+def parse_args(argv):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=main.__doc__)
+    date_help = 'YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM or YYYY: year, month and day'
+    parser.add_argument('date', help=date_help)
+    parser.add_argument('-q', '--max_qty', type=int,
+                        help='maximum number of items to fetch')
+    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url_only', action='store_true',
+                        help='get picture URLS only')
+    parser.add_argument('-f', '--fixture_save', action='store_true',
+                        help='save data for local test fixture')
+    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
+                        help='display progress information')
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+    try:
+        iso_parts = validate_date(args.date)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        print('error:', exc.args[0])
+        parser.print_usage()
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    dates = list(gen_dates(iso_parts))
+    if args.verbose:
+        if len(dates) == 1:
+            print('-> Date: ', dates[0])
+        else:
+            fmt = '-> {} days: {}...{}'
+            print(fmt.format(len(dates), dates[0], dates[-1]))
+
+    return dates, args
+
+
+def main(argv, get_picture_urls):
+    """Get Wikipedia "Picture of The Day" for date, month or year"""
+
+    dates, args = parse_args(argv)
+
+    t0 = time.time()
+
+    if args.url_only:
+        urls = get_picture_urls(dates, args.verbose)
+    else:
+        urls = get_pictures(dates, args.verbose)
+
+
+
+    elapsed = time.time() - t0
+    if args.verbose:
+        print('-> found: {} pictures | elapsed time: {:.2f}s'
+              .format(len(urls), elapsed))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(sys.argv[1:], get_picture_urls)
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts_asyncio.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts_asyncio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+"""
+
+import sys
+import asyncio
+import aiohttp
+
+from daypicts import main, NoPictureForDate
+from daypicts import POTD_BASE_URL, POTD_IMAGE_RE
+
+GLOBAL_TIMEOUT = 300  # seconds
+MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 30
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def get_picture_url(iso_date, semaphore):
+    page_url = POTD_BASE_URL+iso_date
+    with (yield from semaphore):
+        response = yield from aiohttp.request('GET', page_url)
+        text = yield from response.text()
+    pict_url = POTD_IMAGE_RE.search(text)
+    if pict_url is None:
+        raise NoPictureForDate(iso_date)
+    return 'http:' + pict_url.group(1)
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def get_picture_urls(dates, verbose=False):
+    semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS)
+    tasks = [get_picture_url(date, semaphore) for date in dates]
+    urls = []
+    count = 0
+    # get results as jobs are done
+    for job in asyncio.as_completed(tasks, timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT):
+        try:
+            url = yield from job
+        except NoPictureForDate as exc:
+            if verbose:
+                print('*** {!r} ***'.format(exc))
+            continue
+        except aiohttp.ClientResponseError as exc:
+            print('****** {!r} ******'.format(exc))
+            continue
+        count += 1
+        if verbose:
+            print(format(count, '3d'), end=' ')
+            print(url.split('/')[-1])
+        else:
+            print(url)
+        urls.append(url)
+    return urls
+
+
+def run_loop(dates, verbose=False):
+
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    return loop.run_until_complete(get_picture_urls(dates, verbose))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(sys.argv[1:], run_loop)
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts_threads.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/daypicts_threads.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+"""
+
+import sys
+from concurrent import futures
+
+from daypicts import main, get_picture_url, NoPictureForDate
+
+GLOBAL_TIMEOUT = 300  # seconds
+MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 30
+
+
+def get_picture_urls(dates, verbose=False):
+    pool = futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS)
+
+    pending = {}
+    for date in dates:
+        job = pool.submit(get_picture_url, date)
+        pending[job] = date
+
+    urls = []
+    count = 0
+
+    # get results as jobs are done
+    for job in futures.as_completed(pending, timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT):
+        try:
+            url = job.result()
+        except NoPictureForDate as exc:
+            if verbose:
+                print('*** {!r} ***'.format(exc))
+            continue
+        count += 1
+        if verbose:
+            print(format(count, '3d'), end=' ')
+            print(url.split('/')[-1])
+        else:
+            print(url)
+        urls.append(url)
+    return urls
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(sys.argv[1:], get_picture_urls)
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/delay.sh
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/delay.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+vaurien --protocol http --proxy localhost:8002 --backend localhost:8001 \
+    --behavior 100:delay --behavior-delay-sleep .1
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fast_tests.sh
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fast_tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# run tests skipping @pytest.mark.network
+py.test test_daypicts.py -m 'not network' $1 $2 $3
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fixture/README.rst
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fixture/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+====================================
+Configuring a local test environment
+====================================
+
+tl;dr;
+======
+
+This text explains how to configure **nginx** and **vaurien** to build
+a local mirror of the data to run the Wikipedia Picture of the Day
+examples while avoiding network traffic and introducing controlled
+delays and errors for testing, thanks to the **vaurien** proxy.
+
+
+Rationale and overview
+======================
+
+The Wikipedia Picture of the Day examples are designed to demonstrate
+the performance of different approaches to finding and downloading
+images from the Wikipedia. However, we don't want to hit the Wikipedia
+with multiple requests per second while testing, and we want to be
+able to simulate high latency and random network errors.
+
+For this setup I chose **nginx** as the HTTP server because it is very
+fast and easy to configure, and the **vaurien** proxy because it was
+designed by Mozilla to introduce delays and network errors for testing.
+
+The initial fixture data, ``docroot.zip``, contains a directory
+``docroot/Template-POTD/`` with 1096 small text files, each consisting
+of an HTML fragment (just a ``src="..."`` attribute) or an error message
+(for days when no picture was published, like 2013-09-12). These files
+correspond to every day of the years 2012, 2013 and 2014. The year 2012
+was a leap year, that's why there are 1096 files and not 1095.
+
+Once these files are unpacked to the ``docroot/Template-POTD`` directory
+and **nginx** is configured, the ``build_fixture.py`` script can fetch the
+actual images from the Wikipedia for local storage in the directory
+``docroot/wikimedia/``.
+
+When that is done you can configure **nginx** and **vaurien** to experiment
+with the ``daypicts*.py``examples without hitting the network.
+
+
+Instructions
+============
+
+1. Unpack test data
+-------------------
+
+Unpack the initial data in the ``fixture/`` directory and verify that 1096
+files were created in ``fixture/docroot/Template-POTD/``::
+
+    $ ls  # inside the fixture/ directory
+    README.rst  docroot.zip
+    $ unzip docroot.zip
+    ... many lines omitted...
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-29
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-30
+    inflating: docroot/Template-POTD/2014-12-31
+    $ ls docroot/Template-POTD/ | wc -w
+    1096
+
+
+2. Install **nginx**
+--------------------
+
+Download and install **nginx**. I used version 1.6.2 -- the latest
+stable version as I write this.
+
+- Download page: http://nginx.org/en/download.html
+
+- Beginner's guide: http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html
+
+
+3. Configure **nginx**
+----------------------
+
+Edit the the ``nginx.conf`` file to set the port and document root.
+The file is usually found in ``/usr/local/nginx/conf``, ``/etc/nginx``,
+or ``/usr/local/etc/nginx``.
+
+Most of the content in ``nginx.conf`` is within a block labeled ``http``
+and enclosed in curly braces. Within that block there can be multiple
+blocks labeled ``server``. Add another ``server`` block like this one::
+
+    server {
+        listen       8001;
+
+        location / {
+            root   /full-path-to.../fixture/docroot;
+        }
+    }
+
+After editing ``nginx.conf`` the server must be started (if it's not
+running) or told to reload the configuration file::
+
+    $ nginx  # to start, if necessary
+    $ nginx -s reload  # to reload the configuration
+
+To test the configuration, open the URL below in a browser. Doing so
+will download a small file named ``2014-01-01`` with an HTML fragment::
+
+    http://localhost:8001/Template-POTD/2014-01-01
+
+If the test fails, please double check the procedure just described and
+refer to the **nginx** documentation.
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fixture/docroot.zip
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/fixture/docroot.zip
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/README.rst
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+=====================================
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day examples
+=====================================
+
+These examples use various asynchronous programming techniques to download 
+images and metadata from the English Wikipedia `Picture of the Day`_ archive.
+
+.. _Picture of the Day: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Picture_of_the_day/Archive
+
+
+--------
+Timings
+--------
+
+``sync.py``
+===========
+
+::
+
+    $ time python sync.py 2014-06 -q 5
+    5 images downloaded (167.8 Kbytes total)
+
+    real    0m6.272s
+    user    0m0.065s
+    sys 0m0.039s
+
+    $ time python sync.py 2014-06 -q 5
+    5 images downloaded (167.8 Kbytes total)
+
+    real    0m5.447s
+    user    0m0.068s
+    sys 0m0.040s
+
+    $ time python sync.py 2014-06 -q 5
+    5 images downloaded (167.8 Kbytes total)
+
+    real    0m6.314s
+    user    0m0.068s
+    sys 0m0.040s
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/futureprocs.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/futureprocs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Inspired by example at:
+https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#threadpoolexecutor-example
+"""
+
+from concurrent import futures
+
+import potd
+
+def save_month(year_month, verbose):
+    year, month = [int(s) for s in year_month.split('-')]
+    total_size = 0
+    img_count = 0
+    dates = potd.list_days_of_month(year, month)
+
+    with futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=100) as executor:
+        downloads = dict((executor.submit(potd.save_one, date, verbose), date)
+                             for date in dates)
+
+        for future in futures.as_completed(downloads):
+            date = downloads[future]
+            if future.exception() is not None:
+                print('%r generated an exception: %s' % (date,
+                                                         future.exception()))
+            else:
+                img_size = future.result()
+                total_size += img_size
+                img_count += 1
+                print('%r OK: %r' % (date, img_size))
+
+    return img_count, total_size
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    potd.main(save_month=save_month)
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/futurethreads.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/futurethreads.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Inspired by example at:
+https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#threadpoolexecutor-example
+"""
+
+from concurrent import futures
+
+import potd
+
+def save_month(year_month, verbose):
+    year, month = [int(s) for s in year_month.split('-')]
+    total_size = 0
+    img_count = 0
+    dates = potd.list_days_of_month(year, month)
+
+    with futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=100) as executor:
+        downloads = dict((executor.submit(potd.save_one, date, verbose), date)
+                             for date in dates)
+
+        for future in futures.as_completed(downloads):
+            date = downloads[future]
+            if future.exception() is not None:
+                print('%r generated an exception: %s' % (date,
+                                                         future.exception()))
+            else:
+                img_size = future.result()
+                total_size += img_size
+                img_count += 1
+                print('%r OK: %r' % (date, img_size))
+
+    return img_count, total_size
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    potd.main(save_month=save_month)
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/potd.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/potd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Baseline synchronous example for comparison: downloads metadata and
+images in the simple but slow synchronous way i.e. one after the other.
+"""
+
+import calendar
+import datetime
+import re
+import os
+import io
+import time
+
+import requests
+
+import argparse
+
+SAVE_DIR = 'pictures/'
+POTD_BASE_URL = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/'
+
+class NoPictureForDate(Exception):
+    '''No Picture of the Day found for {day}'''
+
+def build_page_url(iso_date):
+    return POTD_BASE_URL + iso_date
+
+def fetch(url):
+    response = requests.get(url)
+    return response
+
+def extract_image_url(html):
+    re_image = r'src="(//upload\..*?)"'
+    image_url = re.search(re_image, html)
+    return 'http:' + image_url.group(1)
+
+def format_date(year, month, day):
+    return '{year}-{month:02d}-{day:02d}'.format(**locals())
+
+def list_days_of_month(year, month):
+    lastday = calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1]
+    days = [format_date(year, month, day) for day in range(1, lastday + 1)]
+    return days
+
+def build_save_path(iso_date, url):
+    head, filename = os.path.split(url)
+    return os.path.join(SAVE_DIR, iso_date+'_'+filename)
+
+def save_one(iso_date, verbose):
+    page_url = build_page_url(iso_date)
+    response = fetch(page_url)
+    if response.status_code != 200:
+        msg = NoPictureForDate.__doc__.format(day=iso_date)
+        raise NoPictureForDate(msg)
+    img_url = extract_image_url(response.text)
+    response = fetch(img_url)
+    path = build_save_path(iso_date, img_url)
+    if verbose:
+        print('saving: '+path)
+    with io.open(path, 'wb') as fp:
+        fp.write(response.content)
+    return len(response.content)
+
+def save_month(year_month, verbose):
+    year, month = [int(s) for s in year_month.split('-')]
+    total_size = 0
+    img_count = 0
+    dates = list_days_of_month(year, month)
+
+    for date in dates:
+        try:
+            total_size += save_one(date, verbose)
+            img_count += 1
+        except NoPictureForDate:
+            continue
+    return img_count, total_size
+
+def main(save_one=save_one, save_month=save_month):
+    """Get "Picture of The Day" from English Wikipedia for a given date or month"""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=main.__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument('date', help='year, month and (optional) day in YYYY-MM-DD format')
+    parser.add_argument('-q', '--max_qty', type=int,
+                        help='maximum number of files to download')
+    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
+                        help='display progress information')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    t0 = time.time()
+    if len(args.date) == len('YYYY-MM-DD'):
+        img_count = 1
+        total_size = save_one(args.date, args.verbose)
+    else:
+        img_count, total_size = save_month(args.date, args.verbose)
+    elapsed = time.time() - t0
+    print("images: %3d |  total size: %6.1f Kbytes  |  elapsed time: %3ds" %
+          (img_count, total_size/1024.0, elapsed))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/potd_tests.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/potd_tests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+
+import unittest
+
+import potd
+
+class TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.thumb_url = ("""http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/"""
+            """commons/thumb/f/fe/Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg/350px"""
+            """-Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg""")
+
+    def test_buid_page_url(self):
+        date = '2014-05-01'
+        result = potd.build_page_url(date)
+        self.assertEqual(result, 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2014-05-01')
+
+    def test_fetch_status_code(self):
+        date = '2014-05-02'
+        url = potd.build_page_url(date)
+        response = potd.fetch(url)
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+    def test_fetch_status_code_not_found(self):
+        date = '2100-01-01'
+        url = potd.build_page_url(date)
+        response = potd.fetch(url)
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    def test_extract_image_url(self):
+        image_url = potd.extract_image_url(HTML)
+        self.assertEqual(image_url, self.thumb_url)
+
+    def test_fetch_image_jpeg(self):
+        response = potd.fetch(self.thumb_url)
+        self.assertEqual(response.headers['content-type'], 'image/jpeg')
+
+    def test_list_days_of_month(self):
+        year = 2014
+        month = 5
+        days = potd.list_days_of_month(year, month)
+        self.assertEqual(len(days), 31)
+        self.assertEqual('2014-05-01', days[0])
+        self.assertEqual('2014-05-31', days[-1])
+
+    def test_list_days_of_february(self):
+        year = 2014
+        month = 2
+        days = potd.list_days_of_month(year, month)
+        self.assertEqual(len(days), 28)
+        self.assertEqual('2014-02-01', days[0])
+        self.assertEqual('2014-02-28', days[-1])
+
+    def test_format_date(self):
+        year = 2014
+        month = 2
+        day = 1
+        a_date = '2014-02-01'
+        date = potd.format_date(year, month, day)
+        self.assertEqual(a_date, date)
+        self.assertEqual(potd.format_date(2010, 11, 12), '2010-11-12')
+
+    def test_build_save_path(self):
+        date = '2014-06-04'
+        path = potd.SAVE_DIR + date + '_350px-Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg'
+        self.assertEqual(path, potd.build_save_path(date, self.thumb_url))
+
+
+HTML = (
+'''<td><a href="/wiki/File:Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg" class="image"
+title="Orthographic projection"><img alt="Orthographic projection"
+src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/O'''
+'''rthographic_projection_SW.jpg/350px-Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg"
+width="350" height="350" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/comm'''
+'''ons/thumb/f/fe/Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg/525px-
+Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
+commons/thumb/f/fe/Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg/700px-
+Orthographic_projection_SW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2058" data-file-
+height="2058"></a></td>
+''')
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/sync.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/sync.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Baseline synchronous example for comparison: downloads images and metadata
+in the simple but slow synchronous way i.e. one after the other.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import sys
+import os
+import io
+import re
+import argparse
+import datetime
+import urllib2
+import contextlib
+import time
+
+POTD_BASE_URL = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/'
+
+THUMB_BASE_URL = 'http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/'
+THUMB_SRC_RE = re.compile(r'src=".*?/thumb/(.*?/\d+px-[^"]+)')
+
+LOCAL_IMG_PATH = 'pictures/'
+
+verbose = True
+
+
+class ParsingException(ValueError):
+    """Raised if unable to parse POTD MediaWiki source"""
+
+
+def fetch_potd_url(iso_date):
+    """Fetch picture name from iso_date ('YYYY-MM-DD' format)"""
+    potd_url = POTD_BASE_URL + iso_date
+    with contextlib.closing(urllib2.urlopen(potd_url)) as fp:
+        html = fp.read()
+        thumb_src = THUMB_SRC_RE.search(html)
+        if not thumb_src:
+            msg = 'cannot find thumbnail source for ' + potd_url
+            raise ParsingException(msg)
+        thumb_url = THUMB_BASE_URL+thumb_src.group(1)
+    return thumb_url
+
+
+def gen_month_days(year, month):
+    a_date = datetime.date(year, month, 1)
+    one_day = datetime.timedelta(1)
+    while a_date.month == month:
+        yield a_date
+        a_date += one_day
+
+
+def get_img_names(iso_month):
+    """Fetch picture names from iso_month ('YYYY-MM' format)"""
+    year, month = (int(part) for part in iso_month.split('-'))
+    for day in gen_month_days(year, month):
+        iso_date = '{:%Y-%m-%d}'.format(day)
+        if verbose:
+            print(iso_date)
+        try:
+            img_url = fetch_potd_url(iso_date)
+        except urllib2.HTTPError:
+            break
+        yield (iso_date, img_url)
+
+
+def fetch_image(iso_date, img_url):
+    if verbose:
+        print('\t' + img_url)
+    with contextlib.closing(urllib2.urlopen(img_url)) as fp:
+        img = fp.read()
+    img_filename = iso_date + '__' + img_url.split('/')[-1]
+    if verbose:
+        print('\t\twriting %0.1f Kbytes' % (len(img)/1024.0))
+    img_path = os.path.join(LOCAL_IMG_PATH, img_filename)
+    with io.open(img_path, 'wb') as fp:
+        fp.write(img)
+    return len(img)
+
+
+def get_images(iso_month, max_count=0):
+    if max_count is 0:
+        max_count = sys.maxsize
+    img_count = 0
+    total_size = 0
+    for iso_date, img_url in get_img_names(iso_month):
+        total_size += fetch_image(iso_date, img_url)
+        img_count += 1
+        if img_count == max_count:
+            break
+
+    return (img_count, total_size)
+
+
+def main():
+    """Get "Pictures of The Day" from English Wikipedia for a given month"""
+    global verbose
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=main.__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument('year_month', help='year and month in YYYY-MM format')
+    parser.add_argument('-q', '--max_qty', type=int,
+                        help='maximum number of files to download')
+    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
+                        help='display progress information')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    verbose = args.verbose
+    t0 = time.time()
+    img_count, total_size = get_images(args.year_month, args.max_qty)
+    elapsed = time.time() - t0
+    print("images: %3d |  total size: %6.1f Kbytes  |  elapsed time: %3ds" %
+          (img_count, total_size/1024.0, elapsed))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/sync_py3.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/orig/sync_py3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+
+Baseline synchronous example for comparison: downloads images and metadata
+in the simple but slow synchronous way i.e. one after the other.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import io
+import re
+import argparse
+import datetime
+import urllib.request
+import urllib.error
+import contextlib
+import time
+
+POTD_BASE_URL = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/'
+
+THUMB_BASE_URL = 'http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/'
+THUMB_SRC_RE = re.compile(r'src=".*?/thumb/(.*?/\d+px-[^"]+)')
+
+LOCAL_IMG_PATH = 'pictures/'
+
+verbose = True
+
+
+class ParsingException(ValueError):
+    """Raised if unable to parse POTD MediaWiki source"""
+
+
+def gen_month_dates(year, month):
+    """Produce all dates in a given year, month"""
+    a_date = datetime.date(year, month, 1)
+    one_day = datetime.timedelta(1)
+    while a_date.month == month:
+        yield '{:%Y-%m-%d}'.format(a_date)
+        a_date += one_day
+
+
+def fetch_potd_url(iso_date):
+    """Fetch POTD thumbnail URL for iso_date ('YYYY-MM-DD' format)"""
+    if verbose:
+        print(iso_date)
+    potd_url = POTD_BASE_URL + iso_date
+    try:
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(potd_url) as fp:
+            html = fp.read().decode('utf-8')
+            thumb_src = THUMB_SRC_RE.search(html)
+            if not thumb_src:
+                msg = 'cannot find thumbnail source for ' + potd_url
+                raise ParsingException(msg)
+            thumb_url = THUMB_BASE_URL+thumb_src.group(1)
+    except urllib.error.HTTPError:
+        return None
+    return thumb_url
+
+
+def gen_img_names(iso_month):
+    """Produce picture names by fetching POTD metadata"""
+    year, month = (int(part) for part in iso_month.split('-'))
+    for iso_date in gen_month_dates(year, month):
+        img_url = fetch_potd_url(iso_date)
+        if img_url is None:
+            break
+        yield (iso_date, img_url)
+
+
+def fetch_image(iso_date, img_url):
+    """Fetch and save image data for date and url"""
+    if verbose:
+        print('\t' + img_url)
+    with contextlib.closing(urllib.request.urlopen(img_url)) as fp:
+        img = fp.read()
+    img_filename = iso_date + '__' + img_url.split('/')[-1]
+    if verbose:
+        print('\t\twriting %0.1f Kbytes' % (len(img)/1024.0))
+    img_path = os.path.join(LOCAL_IMG_PATH, img_filename)
+    with io.open(img_path, 'wb') as fp:
+        fp.write(img)
+    return len(img)
+
+
+def get_images(iso_month, max_count=0):
+    """Download up to max_count images for a given month"""
+    if max_count is 0:
+        max_count = sys.maxsize
+    img_count = 0
+    total_size = 0
+    for iso_date, img_url in gen_img_names(iso_month):
+        total_size += fetch_image(iso_date, img_url)
+        img_count += 1
+        if img_count == max_count:
+            break
+
+    return (img_count, total_size)
+
+
+def main():
+    """Get "Pictures of The Day" from English Wikipedia for a given month"""
+    global verbose
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=main.__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument('year_month', help='year and month in YYYY-MM format')
+    parser.add_argument('-q', '--max_qty', type=int,
+                        help='maximum number of files to download')
+    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
+                        help='display progress information')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    verbose = args.verbose
+    t0 = time.time()
+    img_count, total_size = get_images(args.year_month, args.max_qty)
+    elapsed = time.time() - t0
+    print("images: %3d |  total size: %6.1f Kbytes  |  elapsed time: %3ds" %
+          (img_count, total_size/1024.0, elapsed))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
--- a/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/test_daypicts.py
+++ b/attic/concurrency/wikipedia/test_daypicts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""
+Wikipedia Picture of the Day (POTD) download example
+"""
+
+import pytest
+
+from daypicts import *
+
+
+@pytest.mark.network
+def test_get_picture_url_existing():
+    url = get_picture_url('2012-01-01')
+    expected = ('http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/'
+                'thumb/9/9d/MODIS_Map.jpg/550px-MODIS_Map.jpg')
+    assert url == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.network
+def test_get_picture_url_not_existing():
+    with pytest.raises(NoPictureForDate):
+        get_picture_url('2013-09-12')
+
+
+def test_validate_full_date():
+    parts = validate_date('2015-1-2')
+    assert parts == '2015-01-02'
+
+
+def test_validate_date_too_early():
+    with pytest.raises(NoPictureTemplateBefore):
+        validate_date('2006-12-31')
+
+
+def test_validate_month():
+    parts = validate_date('2015-1')
+    assert parts == '2015-01'
+
+
+def test_validate_year():
+    parts = validate_date('2015')
+    assert parts == '2015'
+
+
+def test_gen_month_dates():
+    dates = list(gen_month_dates('2015-02'))
+    assert len(dates) == 28
+    assert dates[0] == '2015-02-01'
+    assert dates[27] == '2015-02-28'
+
+
+def test_gen_month_dates_leap():
+    dates = list(gen_month_dates('2012-02'))
+    assert len(dates) == 29
+    assert dates[28] == '2012-02-29'
+
+
+def test_gen_year_dates():
+    dates = list(gen_year_dates('2015'))
+    assert len(dates) == 365
+    assert dates[0] == '2015-01-01'
+    assert dates[364] == '2015-12-31'
+
+
+def test_gen_year_dates_leap():
+    dates = list(gen_year_dates('2012'))
+    assert len(dates) == 366
+    assert dates[365] == '2012-12-31'
+
+
+GIF_MIN = (b'GIF89a\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\xff\x00,\x00\x00'
+           b'\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x02\x00;')
+SVG_MIN = b'<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg>'
+SVG_XML_DECL = b'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>' + SVG_MIN
+NOISE = b'\xb0\x0bU\xbe]L\n\x92\xbe\xc6\xf65"\xcc\xa3\xe3'
+
+def test_picture_type_imghdr():
+    assert picture_type(GIF_MIN) == 'gif'
+
+
+def test_picture_type_svg():
+    assert picture_type(SVG_MIN) == 'svg'
+    assert picture_type(SVG_XML_DECL) == 'svg'
+
+
+def test_picture_type_unknown():
+    assert picture_type(NOISE) is None
+
--- a/attic/decorators/clockdeco.py
+++ b/attic/decorators/clockdeco.py
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-# clockdeco.py
-
-import time
-
-
-def clock(func):
-    def clocked(*args):
-        t0 = time.time()
-        result = func(*args)
-        elapsed = time.time() - t0
-        name = func.__name__
-        arg_str = ', '.join(repr(arg) for arg in args)
-        print('[%0.8fs] %s(%s) -> %r' % (elapsed, name, arg_str, result))
-        return result
-    return clocked
--- a/attic/descriptors/doc_descriptor.py
+++ b/attic/descriptors/doc_descriptor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+
+"""
+
+>>> f = Foo()
+>>> f.bar = 77
+>>> f.bar
+77
+>>> Foo.bar.__doc__
+'The "bar" attribute'
+>>> import pydoc
+>>> pydoc.getdoc(Foo.bazz)
+'The "bazz" attribute'
+
+"""
+
+
+def doc_descriptor_wrapper_factory(descriptor):
+    wrapper_cls_name = 'DocDescriptorWrapper'
+    wrapper_cls_attrs = descriptor.__dict__.copy()
+    wrapper_cls_attrs['__slots__'] = ['_wrapped']
+
+    def wrapped_getter(self):
+        "the wrapped descriptor instance"
+        return self._wrapped
+
+    def wrapper_repr(self):
+        return '<{} {!r}>'.format(wrapper_cls_name, self.__doc__)
+
+    wrapper_cls_attrs['wrapped'] = property(wrapped_getter)
+    wrapper_cls_attrs['__repr__'] = wrapper_repr
+    wrapper_cls = type(wrapper_cls_name, (), wrapper_cls_attrs)
+    wrapper = wrapper_cls()
+    wrapper._wrapped = descriptor
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class DocDescriptor:
+    """A documented descriptor"""
+
+    def __init__(self, documentation):
+        self.__doc__ = documentation
+        cls_name = self.__class__.__name__
+        self.storage_name = '_{}_{:x}'.format(cls_name, id(self))
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
+        """The __get__ method"""
+        if instance is None:
+            return doc_descriptor_wrapper_factory(self)
+        else:
+            return getattr(instance, self.storage_name)
+
+    def __set__(self, instance, value):
+        setattr(instance, self.storage_name, value)
+
+
+class Foo:
+    """The "Foo" class"""
+
+    bar = DocDescriptor('The "bar" attribute')
+    bazz = DocDescriptor('The "bazz" attribute')
--- a/attic/futures/callbackhell.js
+++ b/attic/futures/callbackhell.js
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+fetch1(request1, function (response1) {
+    // phase 1
+    var request2 = step1(response1);
+
+    fetch2(request2, function (response2) {
+        // phase 2
+        var request3 = step2(response2);
+
+        fetch3(request3, function (response3) {
+            // phase 3
+            step3(response3);
+        });
+    });
+});
--- a/attic/futures/callbackhell.py
+++ b/attic/futures/callbackhell.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+def phase1(response1):
+    request2 = step1(response1)
+    fetch2(request2, phase2)
+
+
+def phase2(response2):
+    request3 = step2(response2)
+    fetch3(request3, phase3)
+
+
+def phase3(response3):
+    step3(response3)
+
+
+fetch1(request1, phase1)
--- a/attic/futures/charfinder/charfinder_index.pickle
+++ b/attic/futures/charfinder/charfinder_index.pickle
--- a/attic/futures/coroutine_purgatory.py
+++ b/attic/futures/coroutine_purgatory.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def three_phases():
+    response1 = yield from fetch1(request1)
+    # phase 1
+    request2 = step1(response1)
+    response2 = yield from fetch2(request2)
+    # phase 2
+    request3 = step2(response2)
+    response3 = yield from fetch3(request3)
+    # phase 3
+    step3(response3)
+
+
+loop.create_task(three_phases)
--- a/attic/futures/countries/README.rst
+++ b/attic/futures/countries/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+====================================
+Configuring a local test environment
+====================================
+
+tl;dr;
+======
+
+This text explains how to configure **nginx** and **vaurien** to build a local
+mirror of the data to run the flag download examples while avoiding network
+traffic and introducing controlled delays and errors for testing, thanks to
+the **vaurien** proxy.
+
+
+Rationale and overview
+======================
+
+The flag download examples are designed to compare the performance of
+different approaches to finding and downloading files from the Web. However,
+we don't want to hit a public server with multiple requests per second while
+testing, and we want to be able to simulate high latency and random network
+errors.
+
+For this setup I chose **nginx** as the HTTP server because it is very fast
+and easy to configure, and the **vaurien** proxy because it was designed by
+Mozilla to introduce delays and network errors for testing.
+
+The archive ``flags.zip``, contains a directory ``flags/`` with 194
+subdirectories, each containing a ``.gif` image and a ``metadata.json`` file.
+These images are public-domain flags copied from the CIA World Fact Book [1].
+
+[1] https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
+
+Once these files are unpacked to the ``flags/`` directory and **nginx** is
+configured, you can experiment with the ``flags*.py``examples without hitting
+the network.
+
+
+Instructions
+============
+
+1. Unpack test data
+-------------------
+
+Unpack the initial data in the ``countries/`` directory and verify that 194
+directories are created in ``countries/flags/``, each with a ``.gif`` and
+a ``metadata.json`` file::
+
+    $ unzip flags.zip
+    ... many lines omitted...
+       creating: flags/zw/
+      inflating: flags/zw/metadata.json
+      inflating: flags/zw/zw.gif
+    $ ls flags | wc -w
+    194
+    $ find flags | grep .gif | wc -l
+    194
+    $ find flags | grep .json | wc -l
+    194
+    $ ls flags/ad
+    ad.gif      metadata.json
+
+
+2. Install **nginx**
+--------------------
+
+Download and install **nginx**. I used version 1.6.2 -- the latest
+stable version as I write this.
+
+- Download page: http://nginx.org/en/download.html
+
+- Beginner's guide: http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html
+
+
+3. Configure **nginx**
+----------------------
+
+Edit the the ``nginx.conf`` file to set the port and document root. 
+You can determine which ``nginx.conf`` is in use by running::
+
+    $ nginx -V
+
+The output starts with::
+
+    nginx version: nginx/1.6.2
+    built by clang 6.0 (clang-600.0.51) (based on LLVM 3.5svn)
+    TLS SNI support enabled
+    configure arguments:...
+
+Among the configure arguments you'll see ``--conf-path=``. That's the
+file you will edit.
+
+Most of the content in ``nginx.conf`` is within a block labeled ``http``
+and enclosed in curly braces. Within that block there can be multiple
+blocks labeled ``server``. Add another ``server`` block like this one::
+
+    server {
+        listen       8001;
+
+        location /flags/ {
+            root   /full-path-to.../countries/;
+        }
+    }
+
+After editing ``nginx.conf`` the server must be started (if it's not
+running) or told to reload the configuration file::
+
+    $ nginx  # to start, if necessary
+    $ nginx -s reload  # to reload the configuration
+
+To test the configuration, open the URL below in a browser. You should
+see the blue, yellow and red flag of Andorra::
+
+    http://localhost:8001/flags/ad/ad.gif
+
+If the test fails, please double check the procedure just described and
+refer to the **nginx** documentation.
+
+At this point you may run the ``flags_*2.py`` examples against the **nginx**
+install by changing the ``BASE_URL`` constant in ``flags_sequential2.py``.
+However, **nginx** is so fast that you will not see much difference in run
+time between the sequential and the threaded versions, for example. For more
+realistic testing with simulated network lag, we need **vaurien**.
+
+
+4. Install and run **vaurien**
+------------------------------
+
+**vaurien depends on gevent which is only available for Python 2.5-2.7. To
+install vaurien I opened another shell, created another ``virtualenv`` for
+Python 2.7, and used that environment to install and run vaurien::
+
+    $ virtualenv-2.7 .env27 --no-site-packages --distribute
+    New python executable in .env27/bin/python
+    Installing setuptools, pip...done.
+    $ . .env27/bin/activate
+    (.env27)$ pip install vaurien
+    Downloading/unpacking vaurien
+      Downloading vaurien-1.9.tar.gz (50kB): 50kB downloaded
+    ...many lines and a few minutes later...
+
+    Successfully installed vaurien cornice gevent statsd-client vaurienclient
+    greenlet http-parser pyramid simplejson requests zope.interface
+    translationstring PasteDeploy WebOb repoze.lru zope.deprecation venusian
+    Cleaning up...
+    (.env27)$
+
+Using that same shell with the ``.env27`` activated, run the ``vaurien_delay.sh`` script in the ``countries/`` directory::
+
+    (.env27)$ $ ./vaurien_delay.sh
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] Starting the Chaos TCP Server
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] Options:
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * proxies from localhost:8002 to localhost:8001
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * timeout: 30
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * stay_connected: 0
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * pool_max_size: 100
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * pool_timeout: 30
+    2015-02-25 20:20:17 [69124] [INFO] * async_mode: 1
+
+The ``vaurien_delay.sh`` adds a 1s delay to every response.
+
+There is also the ``vaurien_error_delay.sh`` script which produces errors in 25% of the responses and a .5 se delay to 50% of the responses.
+
+
+Platform-specific instructions
+==============================
+
+Nginx setup on Mac OS X
+-----------------------
+
+Homebrew (copy & paste code at the bottom of http://brew.sh/)::
+
+  $ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
+  $ brew doctor
+  $ brew install nginx
+
+Download and unpack::
+
+Docroot is: /usr/local/var/www
+/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
+
+To have launchd start nginx at login:
+    ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/nginx/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
+Then to load nginx now:
+    launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist
+Or, if you don't want/need launchctl, you can just run:
+    nginx
+
+
+
+Nginx setup on Lubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
+----------------------------------
+
+Docroot is: /usr/share/nginx/html
+
--- a/attic/futures/countries/flags_asyncio2.py
+++ b/attic/futures/countries/flags_asyncio2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"""Download flags of top 20 countries by population
+
+asyncio+aiottp version
+
+Sample run::
+
+    $ python3 flags_asyncio.py
+    NG retrieved.
+    FR retrieved.
+    IN retrieved.
+    ...
+    EG retrieved.
+    DE retrieved.
+    IR retrieved.
+    20 flags downloaded in 1.08s
+
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+
+import aiohttp
+
+from flags import BASE_URL, save_flag, main
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def get_flag(cc):
+    url = '{}/{cc}/{cc}.gif'.format(BASE_URL, cc=cc.lower())
+    res = yield from aiohttp.request('GET', url)
+    image = yield from res.read()
+    return image
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def download_one(cc):
+    image = yield from get_flag(cc)
+    print('{} retrieved.'.format(cc))
+    save_flag(image, cc.lower() + '.gif')
+    return cc
+
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def downloader_coro(cc_list):
+    to_do = [download_one(cc) for cc in cc_list]
+    results = []
+    for future in asyncio.as_completed(to_do):
+        print(future)
+        result = yield from future
+        results.append(result)
+    return results
+
+
+def download_many(cc_list):
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    results = loop.run_until_complete(downloader_coro(cc_list))
+    loop.close()
+    return len(results)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(download_many)
--- a/attic/futures/countries/flags_processpool.py
+++ b/attic/futures/countries/flags_processpool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""Download flags of top 20 countries by population
+
+ProcessPoolExecutor version
+
+Sample run::
+
+    $ python3 flags_threadpool.py
+    BD retrieved.
+    EG retrieved.
+    CN retrieved.
+    ...
+    PH retrieved.
+    US retrieved.
+    IR retrieved.
+    20 flags downloaded in 0.93s
+
+"""
+# BEGIN FLAGS_PROCESSPOOL
+from concurrent import futures
+
+from flags import save_flag, get_flag, show, main
+
+MAX_WORKERS = 20
+
+
+def download_one(cc):
+    image = get_flag(cc)
+    show(cc)
+    save_flag(image, cc.lower() + '.gif')
+    return cc
+
+
+def download_many(cc_list):
+    with futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:  # <1>
+        res = executor.map(download_one, sorted(cc_list))
+
+    return len(list(res))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main(download_many)
+# END FLAGS_PROCESSPOOL
--- a/attic/futures/countries/notes.txt
+++ b/attic/futures/countries/notes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+Prefixes with most flags:
+
+M 18
+S 18
+B 17
+C 15
+T 13
+G 12
+A 11
+L 11
+K 10
+
+There are no flags with prefix X
+
+Errors with threadpool:
+
+$ python3 flags_threadpool2.py _
+
+ZT failed: 503 - Service Temporarily Unavailable
+ZU failed: 503 - Service Temporarily Unavailable
+ZV failed: 503 - Service Temporarily Unavailable
+ZY failed: 503 - Service Temporarily Unavailable
+--------------------
+24 flags downloaded.
+37 not found.
+615 errors.
+Elapsed time: 3.86s
+
+
+$ python3 flags_sequential2.py
+Searching for 10 flags: BD, BR, CN, ID, IN, JP, NG, PK, RU, US
+BD failed: (ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', gaierror(8, 'nodename nor servname provided, or not known')),)
+--------------------
+0 flag downloaded.
+1 error.
+Elapsed time: 0.02s
+*** WARNING: 9 downloads never started! ***
+
+
+194 flags downloaded.
+482 not found.
+Elapsed time: 683.71s
+
+real	11m23.870s
+user	0m3.214s
+sys	0m0.603s
+
+
+$ python3 flags2.py -a
+LOCAL site: http://localhost:8001/flags
+Searching for 194 flags: from AD to ZW
+1 concurrent conection will be used.
+--------------------
+194 flags downloaded.
+Elapsed time: 0.90s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2.py -e
+LOCAL site: http://localhost:8001/flags
+Searching for 676 flags: from AA to ZZ
+1 concurrent conection will be used.
+--------------------
+194 flags downloaded.
+482 not found.
+Elapsed time: 4.71s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2.py -s remote
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2.py -s remote -a -l 100
+REMOTE site: http://python.pro.br/fluent/data/flags
+Searching for 100 flags: from AD to LK
+1 concurrent conection will be used.
+--------------------
+100 flags downloaded.
+Elapsed time: 72.58s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2.py -s remote -e
+REMOTE site: http://python.pro.br/fluent/data/flags
+Searching for 676 flags: from AA to ZZ
+1 concurrent conection will be used.
+--------------------
+194 flags downloaded.
+482 not found.
+Elapsed time: 436.09s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2_threadpool.py -s remote -e
+REMOTE site: http://python.pro.br/fluent/data/flags
+Searching for 676 flags: from AA to ZZ
+30 concurrent conections will be used.
+--------------------
+194 flags downloaded.
+482 not found.
+Elapsed time: 12.32s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$ python3 flags2_threadpool.py -s remote -e -m 100
+REMOTE site: http://python.pro.br/fluent/data/flags
+Searching for 676 flags: from AA to ZZ
+100 concurrent conections will be used.
+--------------------
+89 flags downloaded.
+184 not found.
+403 errors.
+Elapsed time: 7.62s
+(.env34) 192:countries luciano$
+
+wait_with_progress
+http://compiletoi.net/fast-scraping-in-python-with-asyncio.html
+
+http://blog.condi.me/asynchronous-part-1/
+
--- a/attic/futures/demo_executor_submit.py
+++ b/attic/futures/demo_executor_submit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""
+Experiments with futures
+"""
+
+from time import sleep, strftime
+from concurrent import futures
+
+def display(*args):
+    print(strftime('[%H:%M:%S]'), end=' ')
+    print(*args)
+
+
+def loiter(n):
+    msg = '{}loiter({}): doing nothing for {}s...'
+    display(msg.format('\t'*n, n, n))
+    sleep(n)
+    msg = '{}loiter({}): done.'
+    display(msg.format('\t'*n, n))
+    return n * 10
+
+
+def demo_submit():
+    executor = futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(3)
+    future_list = [executor.submit(loiter, n) for n in range(5)]
+    display('done?', [future.done() for future in future_list])
+    display('Waiting for results...')
+    for i, result in enumerate(future.result() for future in future_list):
+        display('result[{}]: {}'.format(i, result))
+
+
+demo_submit()
--- a/attic/futures/future_yield.py
+++ b/attic/futures/future_yield.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""
+An experiment showing that ``asyncio.Future`` is an iterable (it
+implements `__iter__`) designed to be used with ``yield from``.
+
+Priming the future returns itself. After the result of the future
+is set, next iteration produces the result as the ``value`` attribute
+of ``StopIteration``.
+
+Sample run::
+
+    $ python3 future_yield.py
+    a, future:      <Future pending> 0x66514c
+    b, prime_res:   <Future pending> 0x66514c
+    b, exc.value:   42
+
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def a(future):
+    print('a, future:\t', future, hex(id(future)))
+    res = yield from future
+    return res
+
+def b():
+    future = asyncio.Future()
+    coro = a(future)
+    prime_res = next(coro)
+    print('b, prime_res:\t', prime_res, hex(id(future)))
+    # If next(coro) is called again before the result of
+    # the future is set, we get:
+    #   AssertionError: yield from wasn't used with future
+    #result = next(coro)  # uncomment to see AssertionError
+    future.set_result(42)
+    try:
+        next(coro)
+    except StopIteration as exc:
+        print('b, exc.value:\t', exc.value)
+
+b()
--- a/attic/futures/future_yield2.py
+++ b/attic/futures/future_yield2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def a(future):
+    print('a, future:', future, hex(id(future)))
+    res = yield from future
+    return res
+
+def b():
+    future = asyncio.Future()
+    coro = a(future)
+    prime_result = next(coro)
+    print('b, prime_result:', prime_result, hex(id(future)))
+
+loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+future = asyncio.Future()
+print('future:', future, hex(id(future)))
+tasks = [asyncio.async(a(future))]
+
+res = loop.run_until_complete(b())
+
--- a/attic/interfaces/dict_subclass.py
+++ b/attic/interfaces/dict_subclass.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# Code and text by BitBucket user "enigmacurry" posted to
+# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issue/708/discrepancy-in-dict-subclass-__getitem__
+# Adapted by Luciano Ramalho:
+# - changed comments to docstring to run with doctest;
+# - added test for Test class raising exception
+# - and added () to print.
+
+"""
+This is a test case to describe a bug I'm seeing in PyPy 1.5. I have
+a Cache object that is a dictionary that supports lookup via regular
+attribute access. For instance:
+
+    >>> c = Cache()
+    >>> c["asdf"] = "asdf"
+    >>> c.asdf == c["asdf"]
+    True
+    >>> t = Test()
+    >>> t["asdf"] = "asdf"
+    >>> t.asdf == t["asdf"]
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    Exception: Trying to getitem: asdf
+
+When looking up keys via attribute, PyPy 1.5 calls __getitem__
+whereas CPython 2.7.1 does not.
+"""
+
+class Cache(dict):
+    "A dictionary that supports attribute style key lookup"
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        dict.__init__(self, kw)
+        self.__dict__ = self
+
+class Test(Cache):
+    def __getitem__(self, item):
+        # I want to process items differently than attributes:
+        raise Exception("Trying to getitem: %s" % item)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    t = Test()
+    t["asdf"] = "asdf"
+    #CPython does not call __getitem__ .. PyPy does:
+    print(t.asdf)
+    #Doesn't matter if it's a member of __dict__ or not:
+    print(t.__getattribute__)
--- a/attic/interfaces/exceptions-tree.txt
+++ b/attic/interfaces/exceptions-tree.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+BaseException
+ ├── SystemExit
+ ├── KeyboardInterrupt
+ ├── GeneratorExit
+ └── Exception
+      ├── StopIteration
+      ├── ArithmeticError
+      │    ├── FloatingPointError
+      │    ├── OverflowError
+      │    └── ZeroDivisionError
+      ├── AssertionError
+      ├── AttributeError
+      ├── BufferError
+      ├── EOFError
+      ├── ImportError
+      ├── LookupError
+      │    ├── IndexError
+      │    └── KeyError
+      ├── MemoryError
+      ├── NameError
+      │    └── UnboundLocalError
+      ├── OSError
+      │    ├── BlockingIOError
+      │    ├── ChildProcessError
+      │    ├── ConnectionError
+      │    │    ├── BrokenPipeError
+      │    │    ├── ConnectionAbortedError
+      │    │    ├── ConnectionRefusedError
+      │    │    └── ConnectionResetError
+      │    ├── FileExistsError
+      │    ├── FileNotFoundError
+      │    ├── InterruptedError
+      │    ├── IsADirectoryError
+      │    ├── NotADirectoryError
+      │    ├── PermissionError
+      │    ├── ProcessLookupError
+      │    └── TimeoutError
+      ├── ReferenceError
+      ├── RuntimeError
+      │    └── NotImplementedError
+      ├── SyntaxError
+      │    └── IndentationError
+      │         └── TabError
+      ├── SystemError
+      ├── TypeError
+      ├── ValueError
+      │    └── UnicodeError
+      │         ├── UnicodeDecodeError
+      │         ├── UnicodeEncodeError
+      │         └── UnicodeTranslateError
+      └── Warning
+           ├── DeprecationWarning
+           ├── PendingDeprecationWarning
+           ├── RuntimeWarning
+           ├── SyntaxWarning
+           ├── UserWarning
+           ├── FutureWarning
+           ├── ImportWarning
+           ├── UnicodeWarning
+           ├── BytesWarning
+           └── ResourceWarning
--- a/attic/interfaces/pypy_difference.rst
+++ b/attic/interfaces/pypy_difference.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+
+====================================
+Differences between PyPy and CPython
+====================================
+
+Note: this is an excerpt from the `PyPy`_ documentation. On Nov. 19, 2014 I ran this test on PyPy 2.4.0 and PyPy3 2.4.0 and the result was not as described, but was the same as with CPython: 'foo'.
+
+.. _PyPy: http://pypy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/cpython_differences.html#subclasses-of-built-in-types
+
+Subclasses of built-in types
+----------------------------
+
+Officially, CPython has no rule at all for when exactly
+overridden method of subclasses of built-in types get
+implicitly called or not.  As an approximation, these methods
+are never called by other built-in methods of the same object.
+For example, an overridden ``__getitem__()`` in a subclass of
+``dict`` will not be called by e.g. the built-in ``get()``
+method.
+
+The above is true both in CPython and in PyPy.  Differences
+can occur about whether a built-in function or method will
+call an overridden method of *another* object than ``self``.
+In PyPy, they are generally always called, whereas not in
+CPython.  For example, in PyPy, ``dict1.update(dict2)``
+considers that ``dict2`` is just a general mapping object, and
+will thus call overridden ``keys()``  and ``__getitem__()``
+methods on it.  So the following code prints ``42`` on PyPy
+but ``foo`` on CPython::
+
+    >>> class D(dict):
+    ...     def __getitem__(self, key):
+    ...         return 42
+    ...
+    >>>
+    >>> d1 = {}
+    >>> d2 = D(a='foo')
+    >>> d1.update(d2)
+    >>> print(d1['a'])
+    42
--- a/attic/interfaces/subclassing_builtins.rst
+++ b/attic/interfaces/subclassing_builtins.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+====================================
+Subclassing built-in caveats
+====================================
+
+::
+
+    >>> class D1(dict):
+    ...     def __getitem__(self, key):
+    ...         return 42
+    ...
+    >>> d1 = D1(a='foo')
+    >>> d1
+    {'a': 'foo'}
+    >>> d1['a']
+    42
+    >>> d1.get('a')
+    'foo'
+
+::
+
+    >>> class D2(dict):
+    ...     def get(self, key):
+    ...         return 42
+    ...
+    >>> d2 = D2(a='foo')
+    >>> d2
+    {'a': 'foo'}
+    >>> d2['a']
+    'foo'
+    >>> d2.get('a')
+    42
--- a/attic/metaprog/plainpoint.py
+++ b/attic/metaprog/plainpoint.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+A class equivalent to the class statement below would be generated by this code:
+
+    >>> import collections
+    >>> Point = collections.plainclass('Point', 'x y')
+"""
+
+class Point(object):
+    __slots__ = ['x', 'y']  # save memory in the likely event there are many instances
+
+    def __init__(self, x, y):
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Point({!r}, {!r})'.format(self.x, self.y)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, Point):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.x == other.x and self.y == other.y
+
+    def __iter__(self, other):  # support unpacking
+        yield self.x
+        yield self.y
--- a/attic/metaprog/prop_inheritance.py
+++ b/attic/metaprog/prop_inheritance.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+"""
+Alex Martelli, _Python in a Nutshell, 2e._ (O'Reilly, 2006), p. 101
+
+==========================
+Properties and inheritance
+==========================
+
+Properties are inherited normally, just like any other attribute.
+However, there’s a little trap for the unwary: the methods called
+upon to access a property are those that are defined in the class
+in which the property itself is defined, without intrinsic use of
+further overriding that may happen in subclasses. For example:
+"""
+
+class B(object):
+
+    def f(self):
+        return 23
+
+    g = property(f)
+
+class C(B):
+
+    def f(self):
+        return 42
+
+c = C()
+
+print(c.g) # prints 23, not 42
--- a/attic/metaprog/special_attrs.py
+++ b/attic/metaprog/special_attrs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+
+'''
+4.13. Special Attributes
+
+The implementation adds a few special read-only attributes to
+several object types, where they are relevant.
+
+Some of these are not reported by the dir() built-in function.
+
+https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#special-attributes
+'''
+
+
+obj_attrs = {'__dict__', '__class__'}
+
+cls_data_attrs = {'__slots__', '__bases__', '__name__', '__qualname__', '__mro__'}
+
+cls_methods = {'mro', '__subclasses__'}
+
+cls_attrs = cls_data_attrs | cls_methods
+
+
+an_object = object()
+
+class EmptyClass():
+    pass
+
+an_instance = EmptyClass()
+
+class EmptySlots():
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+a_slots_instance = EmptySlots()
+
+
+objs = EmptyClass, EmptySlots, an_object, an_instance, a_slots_instance
+
+for obj in objs:
+    print('-' * 60)
+    print(repr(obj), ':', type(obj))
+    dir_obj = set(dir(obj))
+    print('obj_attrs not listed:', sorted(obj_attrs - dir_obj))
+    print('all cls_attrs       :', sorted(cls_attrs))
+    print('cls_attrs not listed:', sorted(cls_attrs - dir_obj))
--- a/attic/metaprog/spreadsheet.py
+++ b/attic/metaprog/spreadsheet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+Spreadsheet example adapted from Raymond Hettinger's `recipe`__
+
+__ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/355045-spreadsheet/
+
+Demonstration::
+
+    >>> from math import sin, pi
+    >>> ss = Spreadsheet(sin=sin, pi=pi)
+    >>> ss['a1'] = '-5'
+    >>> ss['a2'] = 'a1*6'
+    >>> ss['a3'] = 'a2*7'
+    >>> ss['a3']
+    -210
+    >>> ss['b1'] = 'sin(pi/4)'
+    >>> ss['b1']  # doctest:+ELLIPSIS
+    0.707106781186...
+    >>> ss.getformula('b1')
+    'sin(pi/4)'
+    >>> ss['c1'] = 'abs(a2)'
+    >>> ss['c1']
+    30
+    >>> ss['d1'] = '3*'
+    >>> ss['d1']
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing
+"""
+
+
+class Spreadsheet:
+
+    def __init__(self, **tools):
+        self._cells = {}
+        self._tools = tools
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, formula):
+        self._cells[key] = formula
+
+    def getformula(self, key):
+        return self._cells[key]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return eval(self._cells[key], self._tools, self)
--- a/attic/metaprog/spreadsheet2.py
+++ b/attic/metaprog/spreadsheet2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""
+Spreadsheet example adapted from Raymond Hettinger's `recipe`__
+
+__ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/355045-spreadsheet/
+
+Demonstration::
+
+    >>> from math import sin, pi
+    >>> ss = Spreadsheet(sin=sin, pi=pi, abs=abs)
+    >>> ss['a1'] = '-5'
+    >>> ss['a2'] = 'a1*6'
+    >>> ss['a3'] = 'a2*7'
+    >>> ss['a3']
+    -210
+    >>> ss['b1'] = 'sin(pi/4)'
+    >>> ss['b1']  # doctest:+ELLIPSIS
+    0.707106781186...
+    >>> ss.getformula('b1')
+    'sin(pi/4)'
+    >>> ss['c1'] = 'abs(a2)'
+    >>> ss['c1']
+    30
+    >>> ss['c2'] = 'len(a2)'
+    >>> ss['c2']
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    NameError: name 'len' is not defined
+    >>> ss['d1'] = '3*'
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing ['d1'] = '3*'
+"""
+
+
+class Spreadsheet:
+
+    def __init__(self, **tools):
+        self._cells = {}
+        self._tools = {'__builtins__' : {}}
+        self._tools.update(tools)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, formula):
+        try:
+            compile(formula, '<__setitem__>', 'eval')
+        except SyntaxError as exc:
+            msg = '{} [{!r}] = {!r}'.format(exc.msg, key, formula)
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+        self._cells[key] = formula
+
+    def getformula(self, key):
+        return self._cells[key]
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return eval(self._cells[key], self._tools, self)
--- a/attic/operator/Interest.java
+++ b/attic/operator/Interest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/***
+Compound interest function with ``BigDecimal``
+
+Equivalent in Python:
+
+    def compound_interest(principal, rate, periods):
+        return principal * ((1 + rate) ** periods - 1)
+
+***/
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+
+public class Interest {
+
+    static BigDecimal compoundInterest(BigDecimal principal, BigDecimal rate, int periods) {
+        return principal.multiply(BigDecimal.ONE.add(rate).pow(periods).subtract(BigDecimal.ONE));
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        BigDecimal principal = new BigDecimal(1000);
+        BigDecimal rate = new BigDecimal("0.06");
+        int periods = 5;        
+        System.out.println(compoundInterest(principal, rate, periods));
+    }
+
+}
--- a/attic/operator/dispatch.py
+++ b/attic/operator/dispatch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""
+Experiments with infix operator dispatch
+
+    >>> kadd = KnowsAdd()
+    >>> kadd + 1
+    (<KnowsAdd object>, 1)
+    >>> kadd * 1
+
+"""
+
+
+class KnowsAdd:
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self, other
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<{} object>'.format(type(self).__name__)
+
--- a/attic/operator/factorial/CorrectFactorial.java
+++ b/attic/operator/factorial/CorrectFactorial.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+class CorrectFactorial {
+    public static BigInteger factorial(BigInteger n) {
+        return n.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) <= 0 ? BigInteger.ONE
+                    : n.multiply(factorial(n.subtract(BigInteger.ONE)));
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        BigInteger upperBound = new BigInteger("25"); 
+        for (BigInteger i = BigInteger.ONE;
+                i.compareTo(upperBound) <= 0;
+                i = i.add(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+            System.out.println(i + "! = " + factorial(i));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* output:
+
+1! = 1
+2! = 2
+3! = 6
+4! = 24
+5! = 120
+6! = 720
+7! = 5040
+8! = 40320
+9! = 362880
+10! = 3628800
+11! = 39916800
+12! = 479001600
+13! = 6227020800
+14! = 87178291200
+15! = 1307674368000
+16! = 20922789888000
+17! = 355687428096000
+18! = 6402373705728000
+19! = 121645100408832000
+20! = 2432902008176640000
+21! = 51090942171709440000
+22! = 1124000727777607680000
+23! = 25852016738884976640000
+24! = 620448401733239439360000
+25! = 15511210043330985984000000
+
+*/
--- a/attic/operator/factorial/SimpleFactorial.java
+++ b/attic/operator/factorial/SimpleFactorial.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+class SimpleFactorial {
+
+    public static long factorial(long n) {
+        return n < 2 ? 1 : n * factorial(n-1);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        for (long i = 1; i <= 25; i++) {
+            System.out.println(i + "! = " + factorial(i));
+
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* output: incorrect results starting with 21!
+
+1! = 1
+2! = 2
+3! = 6
+4! = 24
+5! = 120
+6! = 720
+7! = 5040
+8! = 40320
+9! = 362880
+10! = 3628800
+11! = 39916800
+12! = 479001600
+13! = 6227020800
+14! = 87178291200
+15! = 1307674368000
+16! = 20922789888000
+17! = 355687428096000
+18! = 6402373705728000
+19! = 121645100408832000
+20! = 2432902008176640000
+21! = -4249290049419214848
+22! = -1250660718674968576
+23! = 8128291617894825984
+24! = -7835185981329244160
+25! = 7034535277573963776
+
+*/
--- a/attic/operator/factorial/factorial.py
+++ b/attic/operator/factorial/factorial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+def factorial(n):
+    return 1 if n < 2 else n * factorial(n-1)
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    for i in range(1, 26):
+        print('%s! = %s' % (i, factorial(i)))
+
+"""
+output:
+
+1! = 1
+2! = 2
+3! = 6
+4! = 24
+5! = 120
+6! = 720
+7! = 5040
+8! = 40320
+9! = 362880
+10! = 3628800
+11! = 39916800
+12! = 479001600
+13! = 6227020800
+14! = 87178291200
+15! = 1307674368000
+16! = 20922789888000
+17! = 355687428096000
+18! = 6402373705728000
+19! = 121645100408832000
+20! = 2432902008176640000
+21! = 51090942171709440000
+22! = 1124000727777607680000
+23! = 25852016738884976640000
+24! = 620448401733239439360000
+25! = 15511210043330985984000000
+"""
--- a/attic/operator/interest.py
+++ b/attic/operator/interest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+Compound interest function with ``decimal.Decimal``
+
+"""
+
+def compound_interest(principal, rate, periods):
+    return principal * ((1 + rate) ** periods - 1)
+
+def test(verbose=False):
+    from decimal import Decimal, getcontext
+    getcontext().prec = 8
+    fixture = [(1000, Decimal('0.05'), 1, Decimal('50')),
+               (1000, Decimal('0.10'), 5, Decimal('610.51')),
+               (1000, Decimal('0.10'), 15, Decimal('3177.2482')),
+               (1000, Decimal('0.06'), 5, Decimal('338.2256')),
+              ]
+    for principal, rate, periods, future_value in fixture:
+        computed = compound_interest(principal, rate, periods)
+        if verbose:
+            print('{!r}, {!r}, {!r} -> {!r}'.format(
+                  principal, rate, periods, computed))
+        assert future_value == computed, '{!r} != {!r}'.format(future_value, computed)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test(True)
--- a/attic/operator/vector.py
+++ b/attic/operator/vector.py
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+"""
+
+The `+` operator produces a `Vector` result.
+
+    >>> v1 = Vector(2, 4)
+    >>> v2 = Vector(2, 1)
+    >>> v1 + v2
+    Vector(4, 5)
+
+We can also implemement the `*` operator to perform scalar multiplication
+or elementwise multiplication.
+
+    >>> v = Vector(3, 4)
+    >>> abs(v)
+    5.0
+    >>> v * 3
+    Vector(9, 12)
+    >>> abs(v * 3)
+    15.0
+    >>> v25 = Vector(2, 5)
+    >>> v71 = Vector(7, 1)
+    >>> v71 * v25
+    Vector(14, 5)
+
+A vector can be used in a boolean context, where it will be considered
+_falsy_ if it has magnitude zero, otherwise it is _truthy_::
+
+    >>> bool(v)
+    True
+    >>> bool(Vector(0, 0))
+    False
+
+Vectors can have n-dimensions::
+
+    >>> v3 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> len(v3)
+    3
+    >>> v3
+    Vector(1, 2, 3)
+    >>> abs(v3)  # doctest:+ELLIPSIS
+    3.74165738...
+    >>> v3 + Vector(4, 5, 6)
+    Vector(5, 7, 9)
+    >>> v3 * 5
+    Vector(5, 10, 15)
+    >>> v2 + v3
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    ValueError: Addition applies only to vectors of equal dimensions.
+
+
+The `repr` of a Vector is produced with the help of the `reprlib.repr`
+function, limiting the size of the output string:
+
+    >>> Vector(*range(100))
+    Vector(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...)
+
+
+Dot product is a scalar: the sum of the products of the corresponding
+components of two vectors.
+
+    >>> v25 = Vector(2, 5)
+    >>> v71 = Vector(7, 1)
+    >>> v25.dot(v71)
+    19
+    >>> Vector(1, 2, 3).dot(Vector(4, 5, 6))
+    32
+    >>> Vector(1, 2, 3).dot(Vector(-2, 0, 5))
+    13
+
+
+As described in PEP 465, starting with Python 3.5, `__matmul__` is
+the special method for the new ``@`` operator, to be used the dot
+product of vectors or matrix multiplication (as opposed to ``*``
+which is intended for scalar or elementwise multiplication):
+
+    >>> # skip these tests on Python < 3.5
+    >>> v25 @ v71  # doctest:+SKIP
+    19
+    >>> v71 * v25
+    Vector(14, 5)
+    >>> Vector(1, 2, 3) @ Vector(-2, 0, 5)    # doctest:+SKIP
+    13
+
+"""
+
+# BEGIN VECTOR_OPS
+import math
+import numbers
+import reprlib
+
+EQ_DIMENSIONS_MSG = '%s applies only to vectors of equal dimensions.'
+
+class Vector:
+    """An n-dimensional vector"""
+
+    def __init__(self, *components):  # <1>
+        self._components = tuple(components)  # <2>
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Vector' + (reprlib.repr(self._components))  # <3>
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._components)  # <4>
+
+    def __abs__(self):
+        return math.sqrt(sum(comp*comp for comp in self)) # <5>
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._components)  # <6>
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        if len(self) != len(other):
+            raise ValueError(EQ_DIMENSIONS_MSG % 'Addition')
+        return Vector(*(a+b for a, b in zip(self, other)))  # <7>
+
+    def __mul__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, numbers.Number):
+            return Vector(*(comp*other for comp in self))  # <8>
+        else:
+            return self.elementwise_mul(other)  # <9>
+
+    def elementwise_mul(self, other):
+        if len(self) != len(other):
+            raise ValueError(EQ_DIMENSIONS_MSG %
+                             'Elementwise multiplication')
+        return Vector(*(a*b for a, b in zip(self, other)))  # <10>
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return any(self)  # <11>
+
+    def dot(self, other):
+        if len(self) != len(other):
+            raise ValueError(EQ_DIMENSIONS_MSG %
+                             'Dot product')
+        return sum(a*b for a, b in zip(self, other))  # <12>
+
+    __matmul__ = dot  # support @ operator in Python 3.5
+
+# END VECTOR_OPS
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`This file exists so that the directory is stored by git.`