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November - Update 1

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- Basic Concepts: added a macro common error, IDE rank updated
- Ecosystem: A couple of CMake improvements, valgrind version updated
- Translation Units: static initialization order fiasco*, small namespace improvements
- Templates: std type traits
specialization
- Advanced Concepts: ref-qualified overloading, added other RVO examples
- Optimizations: Object vectorization
- README updated
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federico-busato
2021-11-01 13:59:47 +01:00
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README.md
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# Modern C++ Programming #
## C++11 / C++14 / C++17 / (C++20) ##
This *open-access* course is directed at those who are already familiar with C and object-oriented programming towards a proficiency level of C++ programming. The course covers the basics of C++ programming and moves on to advanced C++ semantics and concepts.
**Key features**:
- *Free and frequently updated*
- Include the *last language standard* concepts and features
- *Practical teaching*: small structured descriptions associated to code
- *Minimal code examples* for showing just a specific feature or issue without digressing
- *Complementary language aspects*: tools, coding conventions, project organization, and code optimization
- *Experience-based*: many aspects, examples, and problems come from real-world cases faced during my work as software engineer
If you enjoy the course or you find it useful, please add a **Star**
[![stars - Modern-CPP-Programming](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming?style=social)](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming)
## TOPICS ##
**[1. Introduction](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/01.Introduction.pdf)**
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* **Hello World**: I/O Stream
* **C++ Fundamental Types Overview**: Arithmetic types, Non-standard arithmetic types, `void` type, Pointer type and `nullptr`
* **Conversion Rules**
* **C++ Operators**: Operators precedence, Prefix/Postfix increment/decrement, Assignment and comma operators, Spaceship operator `<=>`
* **Integral Data Types**: Fixed width integers, When use signed/unsigned integer? Promotion, Truncation, Undefined Behavior
* **C++ Operators**: Operators precedence, Prefix/Postfix increment/decrement, Assignment, Compound , and comma operators, Spaceship operator `<=>`
* **Integral Data Types**: Fixed width integers, When use signed/unsigned integer? Promotion, Truncation, Undefined behavior
* **Floating-point Types and Arithmetic**: Normal/Denormal values, Not a Number (`NaN`), Infinity, Properties
* **Floating-point Issues**: Floating-point Comparison, Catastrophic Cancellation
* **Floating-point Issues**: Floating-point comparison, Catastrophic cancellation
**[3. Basic Concepts II - Entities and Control Flow](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/03.Basic_Concepts_II.pdf)**
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**[4. Basic Concepts III - Memory Management](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/04.Basic_Concepts_III.pdf)**
* **Heap and Stack**: Stack Memory, `new`, `delete`, Memory Leak
* **Initialization**: Variable initialization, Uniform Initialization, Structure Initialization, Stack Fixed-size array initialization, Dynamic array initialization
* **Initialization**: Variable initialization, Uniform initialization, Structure initialization, Fixed-size array initialization, Dynamic array initialization
* **Pointers and References**: Pointer, Address-of operator `&`, Reference
* **`const`, `constexpr`, `consteval`, `constinit`**
* **Explicit Type Conversion**: `static_cast`, `const_cast`, `reinterpret_cast`, Type punning
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**[10. Translation Units](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/10.Translation_Units.pdf)**
* **Basic Concepts**: Translation unit, Local and global scope, Linkage
* **Storage Class and Duration**: Storage duration, Storage class, `static` and `extern` keywords, Internal/External linkage examples, Linkage of `const` and `constexpr`
* **Storage Class and Duration**: Storage duration, Storage class, `static` and `extern` keywords, Internal/External linkage examples, Linkage of `const` and `constexpr`, Static Initialization Order Fiasco
* **Dealing with Multiple Translation Units**: One Definition Rule (ODR), `inline` functions/variables, Class in multiple translation units, Global variable issues
* **Function Template**
* **Class Template**
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**[12. Ecosystem](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/12.Ecosystem.pdf)**
* **Debugging**: Assertion, Execution Debugging (`gdb`)
* **Debugging**: Assertion, Execution debugging (`gdb`)
* **Memory Debugging**: `valgrind`, Stack protection
* **Sanitizers**: Address sanitizer, Leak sanitizer, Memory sanitizers, Undefined behavior sanitizer
* **Debugging Summary**
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* **Associative Containers**: `std::set`, `std::map`, `std::multiset`
* **Container Adaptors**: `std::stack`, `std::queue`, `std::priority_queue`
* **View**: `std::span`
* **Implement a Custom Iterator**: Semantic, Implement a Simple Iterator
* **Implement a Custom Iterator**: Semantic, Implement a simple Iterator
* **Iterator Utility Methods**: `std::advance`, `std::next`, `std::prev`, `std::distance`, Range access methods, Iterator traits
* **Algorithms Library**: `std::find_if`, `std::sort`, `std::accumulate`, `std::generate`, `std::remove_if`
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* **Move Semantic**: `lvalues` and `rvalues` references, Move semantic, Compiler implicitly declared, `std::move`
* **Universal Reference and Perfect Forwarding**: Universal reference, Reference collapsing rules, Perfect forwarding
* **Value Categories**
* **`&`, `&&` Overloading - Ref-qualifiers**
* **Copy Elision and RVO**
* **Type Deduction**: Pass by-reference, Pass by-pointer, Pass by-value
* **`const` Correctness**
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**[16. Optimization I](https://github.com/federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming/blob/master/16.Optimization_I.pdf)**
* **General Concepts**: Asymptotic complexity, Optimization cycle, Ahmdal Law, Throughput, Bandwidth, Latency, Performance Bounds, Arithmetic Intensity
* **General Concepts**: Asymptotic complexity, Optimization cycle, Ahmdal's Law, Throughput, Bandwidth, Latency, Performance Bounds, Arithmetic Intensity
* **Basic Architecture Concepts**: Instruction-level parallelism, Little’s Law, Data-level parallelism, thread-level parallelism, RISC, CISC Instruction sets
* **I/O Operations**: `printf`, Memory Mapped I/O, Speed up raw data loading
* **Locality and Memory Access Patterns**: Memory hierarchy, Memory locality, Internal structure alignment, External structure alignment
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* **Performance Benchmarking**: What to test?, Workload/Dataset quality, Cache behavior, Stable CPU performance, Program memory layout
* **Parallel Computing**: Concurrency vs. Parallelism, Performance scaling, Gustafson’s Law, Parallel programming languages
### Roadmap
1. Complete C++20 topics
2. Software Design Chapter
3. Build Aspects Chapter (e.g. reducing build time)
### Essential Tool ###
Online compiler and execution: [CompilerExplorer](https://godbolt.org/)
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`Federico Busato`
- Nvidia Corporation ([fbusato@nvidia.com](mailto:fbusato@nvidia.com))
- Dept. of Computer Science, University of Verona (Italy) [federico.busato@univr.it](mailto:federico.busato@univr.it)
- https://twitter.com/fedebusato
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/federico-busato/
- Nvidia Corporation [fbusato@nvidia.com](mailto:fbusato@nvidia.com)
- Dept. of Computer Science, University of Verona, Italy [federico.busato@univr.it](mailto:federico.busato@univr.it)
- Twitter: [twitter.com/fedebusato](https://twitter.com/fedebusato)
- Linkedin: [www.linkedin.com/in/federico-busato/](https://www.linkedin.com/in/federico-busato/)