Merge pull request #141 from jverzani/typos

typos

_typos.toml

@@ -13,4 +13,7 @@ Strang = "Strang"
 
 multline = "multline"
 
-infiniment = "infiniment"
+infiniment = "infiniment"
+
+typ = "typ"
+Comput = "Comput"

quarto/misc/julia_interfaces.qmd

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Pluto has a built-in package management system that manages the installation of
 "Project [Jupyter](https://jupyter.org/)  exists to develop open-source software, open-standards, and services for interactive computing across dozens of programming languages." The `IJulia` package allows `Julia` to be one of these programming languages. This package must be installed prior to use.
 
 
-The Jupyter Project provides two web-based interfaces to `Julia`: the Jupyter notebook and the newer JupyterLab. The [binder](https://mybinder.org/) project use Juptyer notebooks for their primary interface to `Julia`. To use a binder notebook, follow this link:
+The Jupyter Project provides two web-based interfaces to `Julia`: the Jupyter notebook and the newer JupyterLab. The [binder](https://mybinder.org/) project use Jupyter notebooks for their primary interface to `Julia`. To use a binder notebook, follow this link:
 
 
 [launch binder](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/CalculusWithJulia/CwJScratchPad.git/master)

quarto/misc/quick_notes.qmd

@@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ vcat([diff.(ex, [u,v])' for ex in F(u,v)]...)
 ### Divergence
 
 
-Numerically, the divergence can be computed from the Jacobian by adding the diagonal elements. This is a numerically inefficient, as the other partial derivates must be found and discarded, but this is generally not an issue for these notes. The following uses `tr` (the trace from the `LinearAlgebra` package) to find the sum of a diagonal.
+Numerically, the divergence can be computed from the Jacobian by adding the diagonal elements. This is a numerically inefficient, as the other partial derivatives must be found and discarded, but this is generally not an issue for these notes. The following uses `tr` (the trace from the `LinearAlgebra` package) to find the sum of a diagonal.
 
 
 ```{julia}

quarto/precalc/functions.qmd

@@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@ With this we can answer agequestions, such as:
 
 > How many stars can we see in the sky?
 
-Star [magnitude](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)) measures the brightness of celestial objects, with the sun on a log scale so that  a magnitude $1$ star is $100$ times brighter than a magnitude $6$ star. The sun has a value around $-27$, Sirius (the brightest visible star) around $-1.46), Venus around $-5$. We will take a magnitude of $6$ or brighter  for visibility. (magnitudes less than $6$). The value of $N(6)$ is then
+Star [magnitude](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)) measures the brightness of celestial objects, with the sun on a log scale so that  a magnitude $1$ star is $100$ times brighter than a magnitude $6$ star. The sun has a value around $-27$, Sirius (the brightest visible star) around $-1.46$), Venus around $-5$. We will take a magnitude of $6$ or brighter  for visibility. (magnitudes less than $6$). The value of $N(6)$ is then
 
 ```{julia}
 q(m) = -0.0003*m^3 + 0.0019*m^2 + 0.484*m - 3.82
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ If a star of magnitude $5$ difference is $100$ times brighter, what is the scale
 ```{julia}
 #| echo: false
 explanation = raw"""
-The base $a$ solve $\log_a(x + 5) / \log_a(x) = 100$. The logs can be combined and then $a$ can be solved for.
+The base $a$ solve $\log_a(100x) - \log_a(x) = 5$. The logs can be combined and then $a$ can be solved for.
 """
 choices = [raw"$5$",raw"$\sqrt[5]{100}$", raw"$\sqrt{100}$"]
 answer = 2

quarto/precalc/inversefunctions.qmd

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ x &= \sqrt{(1-y)/y}, \quad 0 < y \leq 1.
 \end{align*}
 $$
 
-Then $f^{-1}(x) = \sqrt{(1-x)/x}$ where $0 < x \leq 1$. The somewhat complicated restriction for the the domain coincides with the range of $f(x)$. We shall see next that this is no coincidence.
+Then $f^{-1}(x) = \sqrt{(1-x)/x}$ where $0 < x \leq 1$. The somewhat complicated restriction for the domain coincides with the range of $f(x)$. We shall see next that this is no coincidence.
 
 
 ## Formal properties of the inverse function
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ plot(f, 0, 4, legend=false)
 plot!([2,2,0], [0,f(2),f(2)])
 ```
 
-The graph is shown over the interval $(0,4)$, but the *domain* of $f(x)$ is all $x \geq 0$. The *range* of $f(x)$ is clearly $2 \leq x \leq \infty$.
+The graph is shown over the interval $(0,4)$, but the *domain* of $f(x)$ is all $x \geq 0$. The *range* of $f(x)$ is clearly $2 \leq y \leq \infty$.
 
 
 The lines layered on the plot show how to associate an $x$ value to a $y$ value or vice versa (as $f(x)$ is one-to-one). The domain then of the inverse function is all the $y$ values for which a corresponding $x$ value exists: this is clearly all values bigger or equal to $2$. The *range* of the inverse function can be seen to be all the images for the values of $y$, which would be all $x \geq 0$. This gives the relationship:
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ The slope of $f(x) = 9/5 \cdot x + 32$ is clearly $9/5$ and the slope of the inv
 Now consider the graph of the *tangent line* to a function. This concept will be better defined later, for now, it is a line "tangent" to the graph of $f(x)$ at a point $x=c$.
 
 
-For concreteness, we consider $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ at $c=2$. The tangent line will have slope $1/(2\sqrt{2})$ and will go through the point $(2, f(2)$. We graph the function, its tangent line, and their inverses:
+For concreteness, we consider $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ at $c=2$. The tangent line will have slope $1/(2\sqrt{2})$ and will go through the point $(2, f(2))$. We graph the function, its tangent line, and their inverses:
 
 
 ```{julia}

quarto/precalc/julia_overview.qmd

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ julia> 2 + 2
 
 
   * An IDE. For programmers, an integrated development environment is often used to manage bigger projects. `Julia` has `Juno` and `VSCode`.
-  * A notebook. The [Project Juptyer](https://jupyter.org/) provides a notebook interface for interacting with `Julia` and a more `IDE` style `jupyterlab` interface. A jupyter notebook has cells where commands are typed and immediately following is the printed output returned by `Julia`. The output of a cell depends on the state of the kernel when the cell is computed, not the order of the cells in the notebook. Cells have a number attached, showing the execution order. The `Juypter` notebook is used by `binder` and can be used locally through the `IJulia` package. This notebook has the ability to display many different types of outputs in addition to plain text, such as images, marked up math text, etc.
+  * A notebook. The [Project Jupyter](https://jupyter.org/) provides a notebook interface for interacting with `Julia` and a more `IDE` style `jupyterlab` interface. A jupyter notebook has cells where commands are typed and immediately following is the printed output returned by `Julia`. The output of a cell depends on the state of the kernel when the cell is computed, not the order of the cells in the notebook. Cells have a number attached, showing the execution order. The `Juypter` notebook is used by `binder` and can be used locally through the `IJulia` package. This notebook has the ability to display many different types of outputs in addition to plain text, such as images, marked up math text, etc.
   * The [Pluto](https://github.com/fonsp/Pluto.jl) package provides a *reactive* notebook interface. Reactive means when one "cell" is modified and executed, the new values cascade to all other dependent cells which in turn are updated. This is very useful for exploring a parameter space, say. Pluto notebooks can be exported as HTML files which make them easy to read online and – by clever design – embed the `.jl` file that can run through `Pluto` if it is downloaded.
 
 

quarto/precalc/logical_expressions.qmd

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Well, almost... When `Inf` or `NaN` are involved, this may not hold, for example
 So adding or subtracting most any finite value from an inequality will preserve the inequality, just as it does for equations.
 
 
-What about addition and multiplication?
+What about multiplication?
 
 
 Consider the case $a < b$ and $c > 0$. Then $ca < cb$. Here we investigate using $3$ random values (which will be positive):
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ Read aloud this would be "minus $7$ is less than $x$ minus $5$ **and** $x$ minus
 The "and" equations can be combined as above with a natural notation. However, an equation like $\lvert x - 5\rvert > 7$ would emphasize an **or** and be "$x$ minus $5$ less than minus $7$ **or** $x$ minus $5$ greater than $7$". Expressing this requires some new notation.
 
 
-The *boolean shortcut operators* `&&` and `||` implement "and" and "or." (There are also *bitwise* boolean operators `&` and `|`, but we only describe the former.)
+The *boolean shortcut operators* `&&` and `||` implement "and" and "or". (There are also *bitwise* boolean operators `&` and `|`, but we only describe the former.)
 
 
 Thus we could write $-7 < x-5 < 7$ as

quarto/precalc/numbers_types.qmd

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ These values are *very* small numbers, but not exactly $0$, as they are mathemat
 ---
 
 
-The only  common issue is with powers. We saw this previously when discussing a distinction between `2^64` and `2.0^64. `Julia` tries to keep a predictable output from the input types (not their values). Here are the two main cases that arise where this can cause unexpected results:
+The only  common issue is with powers. We saw this previously when discussing a distinction between `2^64` and `2.0^64`. `Julia` tries to keep a predictable output from the input types (not their values). Here are the two main cases that arise where this can cause unexpected results:
 
 
 * integer bases and integer exponents can *easily* overflow. Not only `m^n` is always an integer, it is always an integer with a fixed storage size computed from the sizes of `m` and `n`. So the powers can quickly get too big. This can be especially noticeable on older $32$-bit machines, where too big is $2^{32} = 4,294,967,296$. On $64$-bit machines, this limit is present but much bigger.
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ Finding the value through division introduces a floating point deviation. Which
 
 ```{julia}
 #| echo: false
-as = [`1/10^21`, `1e-21`]
+as = ["1/10^21", "1e-21"]
 explanation = "The scientific notation is correct. Due to integer overflow `10^21` is not the same number as `10.0^21`."
 buttonq(as, 2; explanation)
 ```

quarto/precalc/plotting.qmd

@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ buttonq(["Yes", "No"], 1; explanation)
 ###### Question
 
 
-Make this parametric plot for the specific values of the parameters `k` and `l`. What shape best describes it?
+Make this parametric plot for the specific values of the parameters `R`, `r`, and `rho`. What shape best describes it?
 
 
 ```{julia}

quarto/precalc/ranges.qmd

@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ If this sum has a remainder of 0 when dividing by 10, the credit card number is
 iszero(rem(z,10))
 ```
 
-Darn. A typo. is `4137 8947 1175 5804` a possible credit card number?
+Darn. A typo. is `4137 8047 1175 5804` a possible credit card number?
 
 ```{julia}
 #| hold: true

quarto/precalc/transformations.qmd

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ plot!(h, label="h")
 A model for the length of a day in New York City must take into account periodic seasonal effects. A simple model might be a sine curve. However, there would need to be many modifications: Obvious ones would be that the period would need to be about $365$ days, the oscillation around $12$ and the amplitude of the oscillations no more than $12$.
 
 
-We can be more precise. According to [dateandtime.info](http://dateandtime.info/citysunrisesunset.php?id=5128581) in $2015$ the longest day will be June $21$st when there will be $15$h $5$m $46$s of sunlight, the shortest day will be December $21$st when there will be $9$h $15$m $19$s of sunlight. On January $1$, there will be $9$h $19$m $44$s of sunlight.
+We can be more precise. According to [dateandtime.info](http://dateandtime.info/citysunrisesunset.php?id=5128581) in $2015$ the longest day will be June $21$st when there will be $15$h $8$m $55$s of sunlight, the shortest day will be December $21$st when there will be $9$h $18$m $23$s of sunlight. On March $21$st, there will be $12$h $13$m $42$s of sunlight.
 
 
 A model for a transformed sine curve is
@@ -294,12 +294,12 @@ Where $b$ is related to the amplitude, $c$ the shift and the period is $T=2\pi/d
 
 
 ```{julia}
-a = 12
-b = ((15 + 5/60 + 46/60/60) - (9 + 19/60 + 44/60/60)) / 2
+a = 12 + 13/60 + 42/60/60
+b = ((15 + 8/60 + 55/60/60) - (9 + 18/60 + 23/60/60)) / 2
 d = 2pi/365
 ```
 
-If we let January $1$ be $x=0$ then the first day of spring, March $21$, is day $80$ (`Date(2017, 3, 21) - Date(2017, 1, 1) + 1`). This day aligns with the shift of the sine curve.  This shift is $80$:
+If we let January $1$st be $x=0$ then the first day of spring, March $21$st, is day $80$ (`Date(2015, 3, 21) - Date(2015, 1, 1) + Day(1)`). This day aligns with the shift of the sine curve.  This shift is $80$:
 
 
 ```{julia}
@@ -314,15 +314,15 @@ newyork(t) = up(stretch(over(scale(sin, d), c), b), a)(t)
 plot(newyork, -20, 385)
 ```
 
-To test, if we match up with the model powering [dateandtime.info](http://dateandtime.info/citysunrisesunset.php?id=5128581) we note that it predicts "$15$h $0$m $4$s" on July $4$, $2015$. This is day $185$ (`Date(2015, 7, 4) - Date(2015, 1, 1) + 1`). Our model prediction has a difference of
+To test, if we match up with the model powering [dateandtime.info](http://dateandtime.info/citysunrisesunset.php?id=5128581) we note that it predicts "$12$h $10$m $38$s" on September $23$th, $2015$. This is day $266$ (`Date(2015, 9, 23) - Date(2015, 1, 1) + Day(1)`). Our model prediction has a difference of
 
 
 ```{julia}
-datetime = 15 + 0/60 + 4/60/60
-delta = (newyork(185) - datetime) * 60
+datetime = 12 + 10/60 + 38/60/60
+delta = (newyork(266) - datetime) * 60
 ```
 
-This is off by a fair amount - almost $12$ minutes. Clearly a trigonometric model, based on the assumption of circular motion of the earth around the sun, is not accurate enough for precise work, but it does help one understand how summer days are longer than winter days and how the length of a day changes fastest at the spring and fall equinoxes.
+This is off by a fair amount - almost $8$ minutes. Clearly a trigonometric model, based on the assumption of circular motion of the earth around the sun, is not accurate enough for precise work, but it does help one understand how summer days are longer than winter days and how the length of a day changes fastest at the spring and fall equinoxes.
 
 
 ##### Example: the pipeline operator

quarto/precalc/vectors.qmd

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ plt = plot(legend=false, size=fig_size)
 arrow!(p0, [2,3], color="black")
 arrow!(p0, [2,0], color="orange")
 arrow!(p0+[2,0], [0,3], color="orange")
-annotate!(plt, collect(zip([.25, 1,1,1.75], [.25, 1.85,.25,1], [L"t",L"r", L"r \cdot \cos(t)", L"r \cdot \sin(t)"]))) #["θ","r", "r ⋅ cos(θ)", "r ⋅ sin(θ)"]
+annotate!(plt, collect(zip([.25, 1,1,1.75], [.15, 1.85,.25,1], [L"\theta",L"r", L"r \cdot \cos(\theta)", L"r \cdot \sin(\theta)"]))) #["θ","r", "r ⋅ cos(θ)", "r ⋅ sin(θ)"]
 
 imgfile = tempname() * ".png"
 png(plt, imgfile)